MISSION STA T10N ON LAKE NYASSA. 811 



in October, 1865, he had many conversations with the Rev. Dr. Wilson on 

 the importance of establishing a Christian Mission in Eastern Africa. On one 

 occasion, Dr. "Wilson said to him, "Now, supposing the Free Church of Scot- 

 land were to think of founding a Mission, where would you recommend it to 

 begin?" Livingstone replied, " I would recommend the Free Church to com- 

 mence operations on the healthy heights near the Lake Nyassa." 



After Livingstone's death, when tributes to his memory were being paid 

 in all parts of the country, a number of Christian gentlemen in Glasgow and 

 other parts of Scotland rightly judged that no fitter memorial could be raised 

 in his honour than an Industrial Mission Station at the southern end of Lake 

 Nyassa. This they considered would be in most complete harmony with the 

 life and labours of the Christian hero who had so nobly fallen on the field. 

 In addition to the ordinary evangelistic or preaching work directly connected 

 with the formation of such a project, it was intended to establish an industrial 

 institution, in which the arts of civilised life, as well as the truths of the gos- 

 pel, would be taught to the people of the region. It was believed also that 

 such a place would speedily grow into a native town, and would become a 

 centre towards which the native population would steadily gravitate; for 

 wherever there is protection and security, the African tribes take advantage 

 of it. The immense population on Lake Nyassa was one powerful reason 

 why the mission should be established there. Dr. Livingstone's opinion was 

 — " Never before in Africa had we seen anything like the dense population 

 on the shores of the Lake Nyassa. In the southern part there was almost an 

 unbroken chain of villages. On the beach of well-nigh every bay, dark crowds 

 were standing gazing at the novel sight of a boat under sail ; and wherever we 

 landed we were in a few seconds surrounded by hundreds of men, women, 

 and children." 



It was intended that the little mission colony of Lovedale, on the bor- 

 ders of Kaffraria, one of the most remarkable triumphs of missionary civilis- 

 ation, should be the model of this new settlement. In Lovedale there are 

 half-a-dozen white educated teachers, and half-a-dozen white artizans. They 

 take in two hundred and forty-one native boy boarders — students, pupils and 

 apprentices, and sixty-three native girls. The education is so good as to 

 attract thirty-two European boarders besides, and there are forty-seven day 

 scholars. The industrial training includes carpentering, waggon-making, 

 and blacksmith work, bookbinding, and printing, telegraph work, and farm 

 work. There are thirteen native apprentice blacksmiths and waggon men, 

 and seventeen as carpenters and others, and all the rest spend a couple of 

 hours daily at farm work. The Caffres are so eager to get into the institu- 

 tion that they pay £5 a head for their education, and the working depart- 

 ments nearly sustain themselves. Besides £800 paid by the Caffres for their 

 own education, £1500 has been contributed by them to establish a similar 



