ARRIVAL AT LUMBA. 909 



one flowing to Tanganyika, another to Rua; but this year's rain had joined 

 the two rivers and made them one, flowing west. Kawe-Nyange, the chief 

 at the entrance to the Lukuga, said that he would show me a river flowing 

 to the Tanganyika, and a little way above another running towards Rua. 



" A sub-chief of his stated that formerly there were two Lukugas, one 

 flowing to the lake, another running in towards Rua ; but these last two 

 years' rains had swelled the Tanganyika so much that the lake had ■ swallowed' 

 the Lukuga stream flowing into it, and had become joined to the Lukuga, 

 flowing to Rua ; but that this union with the Rua- Lukuga was not continual, 

 lasting only during the hours of the south-east monsoon (Manda) ; that each 

 afternoon, after the wind had calmed, the river returned as usual to the lake. 



" Lastly, I may mention that Mr. J. F. de Bourgh, C. E. and F. R. G. S., 

 a gentleman engaged by me to construct me a blank chart of Central Africa, 

 has drawn, near the position occupied by the Lukuga in question, a small 

 lake with a river flowing out of it towards the Tanganyika. I must say that, 

 wherever the gentleman obtained his information, he has illustrated the sub- 

 ject exactly as it stood a few years ago. As the case stands to-day, no one is 

 exactly right, or quite wrong. Exploration and close investigation of this 

 geographical phenomenon reconcile all these contrary statements ; but with- 

 out the chart, illustrating my survey, I should despair of making my mean- 

 ing very clear. 



" In company with Kawe-Nyange and some of his people, we sailed up a 

 fine open stream-like body of water, ranging in width from ninety to four hun- 

 dred and fifty yards of open water. From bank to bank there was a uniform 

 width of from four hundred to six hundred yards, but the sheltered bends, un- 

 disturbed by the monsoon winds, nourished dense growths of papyrus. After 

 sailing three miles before the south-east wind we halted at the place which 

 Kawe-Nyange pointed out as the utmost limit of the ascent made by Cameron, 

 a small bend among the papyrus plants, a few hundred yards north-west from 

 Lumba. As a first proof of what Kawe-Nyange had said about a Lukuga 

 flowing into the lake, and another flowing out of the lake, he pointed out the 

 returning water-bubbles, which ' fought,' he said, against the small waves 

 by the south-east wind, for which intelligent remark he received an encourag- 

 ing word. 



" After landing at Lumba all who were not required by me in the deli- 

 berate investigation I was about to make with the aid of my boat, I had a 

 proper camp pitched and a quiet cove cleared, where boat and canoe could 

 lie close to the bank. I then proceeded further up the Lukuga. When 

 about one hundred yards higher we arrived at the limit of open water, and 

 an apparently impenetrable mass of papyrus grew from bank to bank. Here 

 we stopped for a short time, and with a portable level tried to detect a current. 

 The level indicated none. We then pushed our way through about twenty 



