THE LIVINGSTONIA MISSION. 939 



doubtless be recorded in tbe history of Livingstonia what Lieutenant Young 

 has done for it, and, as its projection was the outcome of Dr. Stewart's far- 

 seeing missionary enthusiasm, its successful planting has been the result of 

 the energy and philanthropic zeal of Lieutenant Young. 



" It will be of special interest to say something of the various parties as 

 they were situated when Lieutenant Young left the country. The Free 

 Church party have been all down with fever, but are all right again. It is 

 understood that Dr. Stewart will not remain there. He is especially subject 

 to attacks of fever. Dr. Black is entering into the spirit of the enterprise 

 with rare devotion and enthusiasm. Dr. Laws is also with them. As yet 

 Mr. Simons, the naturalist, has been unable to move about, the country being 

 a very difficult one. Mr. Cotterill is also at Livingstonia, and we regret to 

 learn that his boats have not been found suitable for the lake. As yet, there- 

 fore, he is, too, a fixture at the head-quarters of the Free Church party. We 

 are sorry to learn that the Established Church party under Dr. Macklin and 

 Mr. Henderson has suffered much from fever. They were all down with it 

 when Lieutenant Young left. Their station is on the highlands of the Cata- 

 racts of the Shire. Barring this, it must be gratifying to know that success 

 has attended the Livingstonia missions from the first. There has not been a 

 single mishap of any importance. The mission is already making itself felt. 

 The natives are all thoroughly friendly. The slave trade has already greatly 

 suffered. Formerly not fewer than ten thousand slaves passed the southerly 

 end of the lake per annum ; last year, only thirty-eight were known to have 

 succeeded in getting to the coast by that route." 



On the twenty-sixth of February, Mr. Young delivered, before the 

 Royal Geographical Society, an interesting address, in which he gave an 

 account of what he had done and seen on Lake Nyassa. At the Kongone 

 mouth of the Zambesi he screwed the sections of the little steamer Ilala 

 together ; and although an extraordinary flood had altered the course of the 

 rivers, nothing materially impeded her passage to the foot of the Shire cata- 

 racts. These cataracts or falls extend for some seventy-five miles, and consti- 

 tute a very formidable obstacle to navigation. In the course of these seventy- 

 five miles, the waters of Lake Nyassa leap down a staircase of rocks and 

 boulders for some eighteen hundred feet; and before the traveller can reach 

 the higher ground, he has to traverse a most rugged and difficult road. As 

 a rule, the most grievous obstacle to be overcome, is the want of porters • 

 but thanks to the kindly recollection existing among the natives of previous 

 missionaries, Mr. Young experienced no difficulty on this score. A sufficient 

 supply of efficient men readily offered themselves, and in ten days the Ilala 

 was taken to pieces, and her sections, boilers, machinery, and stoves, were 

 conveyed to the upper end of the cataracts. The labour involved in this 

 was very great. Mr. Young says that the carriage of the steel plates, and 



