COFFEE PLANTATIONS. 375 



Being anxious to obtain some more knowledge of this 

 interesting country, and its ancient missionary establish- 

 ments, than the line of route by which we had come 

 afforded, I resolved to visit the town of Massangano, 

 which is situated to the south of Golungo Alto, and at the 

 confluence of the rivers Lucalla and Coanza. This led me 

 to pass through the district of Cazengo, which is rather 

 famous for the abundance and excellence of its coffee. 

 Extensive coffee plantations were found to exist on the 

 sides of the several lofty mountains that compose this 

 district. They were not planted by the Portuguese. The 

 Jesuit and other missionaries are known to have brought 

 some of the fine old Mocha seed, and these have propagated 

 themselves far and wide ; hence the excellence of the 

 Angola coffee. Some have asserted that, as new planta- 

 tions were constantly discovered even during the period of 

 our visit, the coffee-tree was indigenous ; but the fact that 

 pine-apples, bananas, yams, orange-trees, custard apple- 

 trees, pitangas, guavas, and other South American trees, 

 were found by me in the same localities with the recently- 

 discovered coffee, would seem to indicate that all foreign 

 trees must have been introduced by the same agency. It 

 is known that the Jesuits also introduced many other trees 

 for the sake of their timber alone. Numbers of these 



These people possess 300 idol-houses, 6co sheep, 5000 goats, 500 

 cxen, 398 gardens, 25,120 hearths. The authorities find great 

 difficulty in getting the people to furnish a correct account of their 

 numbers. This census is quoted merely for the purpose of giving a 

 general idea of the employments of the inhabitants. 



The following is taken from the census of Icollo i Bengo, and is 

 added for a similar reason : — 



3232 living without the mar- 

 riage tie. (All those 

 who have not been mar- 

 ried by a priest are so 

 distinguished.) 

 4 orphans — 2 black and 2 



white. 

 9 native chiefs. 



2 carpenters. 

 21 potters. 



11 tailors. 



2 shoemakers. 



3 barbers. 



5 mat-makers. 



12 sack-makers. 

 21 basket-makers. 



The cattle in the district are : 10 asses, 401 oxen, 492 cows, 3933 

 sheep, 1699 goats, 909 swine ; and as an annual tax is levied of six- 

 pence per head on all stock, it is probable that the returns are less 

 than the reality. 



