428 THE ZOOLOGIST. 



the fir forests above Tonset, flitting about some old ragged firs 

 and birches, just where the latter tree began to predominate. 

 The Lapland Tit is a fine plump fluffy-looking bird. The only 

 note I heard was a " schar schar schar." 



P. borealis. — The Northern Marsh Tit was occasionally to be 

 seen about Tonset in the fir forest — light grey birds. About 

 Trondhjem, where we saw some in the pine woods on the way to 

 Lerfossen, they were not so white as the birds seen north of the 

 Arctic Circle, or those at Tonset ; some of them approached 

 P. palustris in colour of the back, but P. borealis always seems 

 to be a much bigger bird, with a considerably more extensive 

 black cap. 



Motacilla alba. — Very common about the village of Tonset ; 

 as only males were to be seen in early June, it is probable that 

 the females were sitting. On the 7th a male was singing beauti- 

 fully in the intervals of feeding on the midden outside the cow- 

 shed ; it was singing even in the rain, which fell nearly all day, 

 and made us glad of a fire of birch logs in the stove. It was a 

 louder and better song than I ever heard from a Pied Wagtail ; 

 at times there were quite full, resonant notes, some of them as 

 sweet as a Sky Lark's, and the song was continuous for perhaps 

 ten or fifteen seconds. I often heard the song in Norway, 

 but none so fine as this. The White Wagtail was common at 

 Trondhjem, and the young birds had left the nest on our return 

 at the end of June. 



Anthus trivialis. — A few in the lower pine woods at Tonset, 

 also high up, where the birch began to predominate, and two 

 pairs in the high-lying birch wood mentioned in the note on the 

 Eedstart. I do not remember seeing the Tree Pipit actually 

 in the fir forest, but this may have been an oversight. At 

 Trondhjem also. 



A. pratensis. — Only on the dreary moor-like fjelds, covered 

 with bog-moss, reindeer moss, crowberry, cloudberry, and deep 

 springy moss-beds, made elastic by the stems of the creeping 

 arctic birch ; on both sides of the valley. Here it was singing. 



Muscicapa atricapilla. — Lower woods at Tonset, and here and 

 there in all the woods, even the highest lying straggling birch 

 wood among the fjelds at a height of about 2500 feet. 



M. grisola. — A pair in the fir forest at about 400 feet above 

 Tonset, and others at about 200 feet, but not seen about the 



