XII. DESCRIPTION OF VERTEBRATE FOSSILS FROM THE 

 VICINITY OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA. 



By E. C. Case. 



(Plate LIX.) 



The fossils described below were placed in the hands of the author 

 by the kindness of Dr. W. J. Holland, Director of the Carnegie Mu- 

 seum, and Dr. Percy E. Raymond, their discoverer. To both of these 

 gentlemen I desire to express my thanks for the opportunity to ex- 

 amine these most interesting specimens. 



They were collected by Dr. Raymond at Pitcairn, about fifteen 

 miles east of Pittsburgh. Dr. Raymond in a letter to me says : 

 "The bones are from the upper part of the formation which I. C. 

 White has named the Pittsburgh Red Shale (Geol. Survey West Vir- 

 ginia, Vol. it, p. 263). This formation is usually from 100 to 125 

 feet thick in the vicinity and consists of red clays and red and yellow 

 sandstones. At the top there is a bed of almost structureless clay 

 which varies from 18 to 40 feet in thickness. At Pitcairn the clay is 

 37 feet thick and the fossils were found 4 feet above the base of the 

 clay. Three feet above the base of the clay there is a layer of nodular 

 limestone, and the teeth were found lying on this layer where it pro- 

 jects from the bank on the roadside. The other bones were all im- 

 bedded in the clay about one foot above the limestone. . . . On the 

 Pittsburgh Shale rests the Ames Limestone, the youngest of the marine 

 limestones in the region. It is almost exactly in the middle of the 

 Conemaugh series. It is 315 feet below the base of the Pittsburgh 

 Coal, and 695 feet below the base of the Dunkard series (Permian). 

 The Ames Limestone is about 300 feet above the Freeport Coal (top 

 of the Allegheny series)." 



It will be seen at once that this horizon is decidedly lower than any 

 in which terrestrial reptiles have been found, unless those from Ver- 

 milion County, Illinois, shall turn out to be from well within the 

 Pennsylvanian. 



The collection consists of numerous bones and fragments, about 

 twenty of the specimens being determinable. They are distinctly of 

 the same character as the bones from the beds of northern Texas. 



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