Carriker : List of the Birds of Costa Rica. 573 



It is a question whether R. brevicarinatus should, or should not, be 

 considered a subspecies of R. carinatus of northern Central America. 

 The differences between the two birds are not great, but are very 

 constant, and I have not seen any birds which could be called inter- 

 mediates between the two. For this reason I have left it as given by 

 other authors, but future investigation may prove it a subspecies of 

 carinatus. 



The Costa Rican range of this species covers the whole of the high- 

 land portion of the country up to perhaps 4,000 feet, and down on 

 both slopes to near sea-level. In the lower altitudes it is found in 

 company with R. tocard, but in smaller numbers. I believe it to be 

 more abundant on the higher portions of the Caribbean slope than 

 on the Pacific slope at any point. It inhabits only the heavy forest, 

 seldom, if ever, going out into the open and sparsely wooded district, 

 as do some of the other species of the family in Costa Rica. Their 

 notes and habits are about the same as those of R. tocard, except 

 that they seem more solitary, not gathering into flocks so much as does 

 R. tocard. 



305. Rhamphastos tocard Vieillot. 



Rhamphastos tocard Vieillot, N. Diet. d'Hist. Nat., XXXIV, 231. — Cabanis, 

 Jour, fur Orn., 1862, 334 (C. R. [Frantzius]). — Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 

 Phila., 1867, 103 (Angostura, San Carlos, Turrialba [J. Carmiol]). — Law- 

 rence, Ann. Lye N. Y., IX, 1868, 128 (Angostura, San Carlos and Turri- 

 alba [J. Carmiol]). — Frantzius, Jour, fur Orn., 1869, 362 (Tucurriqui, San 

 Carlos, Angostura). — Boucard, P. Z. S., 1878, 46 (San Carlos, common). — 

 Zeledon, An. Mus. Nac. de C. R., I, 1887, 123 (Naranjo de Cartago, Jimenez, 

 Las Trojas, Pozo Azul de Pirris). — Sclater, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., XIX', 

 1 891, 127 (Angostura [Carmiol] San Jose [M. Calleja]). — Salvin and God- 

 man, Biol. Centr.-Am., Aves, II, 1896, 554 (Nicaragua to Peru). — Bangs, 

 Auk, XXIV, 1907, 293 (Boruca, Paso Real and El Pozo de Terraba [Under- 

 wood]). 



U. S. Nat. Museum: Guayabo and Bonilla (Ridgway and Zeledon), 

 Bonilla (Basulto). 



Bangs Collection : Reventazon, Pozo Azul de Pirris (Underwood). 



C. H. Lankester Collection : Sarapiqui. 



Carnegie Museum : Pozo Azul de Pirris and El Pozo de Terraba (Car- 

 riker); Guapiles (Carriker & Crawford); Pozo Azul de Pirris 

 (Underwood). Seven skins. 

 This is the most abundant toucan of Costa Rica, inhabiting the 



lowlands, ranging over the whole of the Caribbean and Pacific slopes, 



