Carriker : List of the Birds of Costa Rica. 681 



Pipra pipra anthracina Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., XIX, 1906, 117 

 (Moravia, Costa Rica, adult $ , Oct. 30, 1885 [J. Cooper]). — Ridgway, 

 Birds N. and Mid. Amer., IV, 1907, 751 (Panama and southwestern Costa 

 Rica: Moravia). 



U. S. Nat. Museum : Guayabo, March 14 and 30, 1908, c? juv. 



and 9 (Ridgway and Zeledon). 



The only specimens of this form ever taken in Costa Rica, of which 

 I have any knowledge, are those mentioned under the references to 

 literature, and the two birds taken by Mr. Ridgway. I have never 

 seen the bird alive and know nothing in addition to what Mr. Ridgway 

 gives concerning it. 



430. Pipra velutina Berlepsch. 



Pipra velutina, Berlepsch. Ibis, 1883, 492 (Veragua, Panama; coll. Count 

 von Berlepsch). — Sclater, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., XIV, 1888, 299 (no 

 Costa Rican record). — Salvin and Godman, Biol. Centr.-Am., Aves, II, 



1890, no (no Costa Rican record). — Cherrie, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XIV, 



1891, 535 (Pozo Azul de Pirris, Costa Rica; critical). — Hellmayr, Ibis, 

 1906, 31 (Pozo Azul de Pirris [Underwood, in Tring Mus.] ; monograph). — 

 Ridgway, Birds N. and Mid. Amer., IV, 1907, 750 (southwestern Costa 

 Rica to Ecuador. — Costa Rica: Boruca, Pozo Azul de Pirris, Pozo del 

 Pital). — Bangs, Auk, XXIV, 1907, 303 (Boruca, Paso Real, and El Pozo 

 de Terraba [Underwood]). 



Bangs Collection: Buenos Aires and El General (Underwood). 



Carnegie Museum: Pozo Azul de Pirris, El Pozo de Terraba, Boruca, 



and Buenos Aires (Carriker). Fifteen skins. 



This Pipra is confined to the extreme southwestern portion of Costa 

 Rica, from Pozo Azul de Pirris southward, and from sea-level up to 

 about 2,000 feet. It seems to be most plentiful at about 1,200 feet. 

 Like P. mentalis ignifera, this species keeps in the forest, near the 

 ground, and makes the same cracking noise with its bill. It is, 

 however, more solitary in its habits, and is rarely seen in company 

 with other birds, even of its own kind. Neither are the males and 

 females often seen in company. All males taken during July and the 

 first part of August were undergoing the postnuptial moult, especially 

 of the crown-feathers, which were just beginning to come in, so 

 that no birds in full plumage were taken before late in August and 

 September. 



431. Pipra mentalis ignifera Bangs. 



Pipra mentalis (not of Sclater, 1856) Sclater and Salvin, Ibis, 1864, 362 

 (Panama; crit.). — Lawrence, Ann. Lye. N. Y., IX, 1868, 116 (Angostura 



