718 Annals of the Carnegie Museum. 



end, with a passage about ten inches in length to the other end, which is 

 slightly enlarged to accommodate the cavity of the nest. The eggs are 

 pale burnt umber, with a wreath of blackish umber spots around the larger 

 end, also some scrawls and pencilings of the same color over the entire 

 surface. Measurements: 20.5X16, 21. 5X16, and 22X16 mm. 



484. Elaenia frantzii frantzii Lawrence. 



Elainea frantzii Lawrence, Ann. Lye. N. Y., VIII, 1867, 172 (San Jose [Frant- 

 ziusj); IX, 1868, 112 (San Jose [Frantzius], Barranca and Dota [J. Carmiol]). 

 — Frantzius, Jour, fur Orn., 1869, 307 (S. W. Costa Rica). — Boucard, 

 P. Z. S., 1878, 63 (Irazu). — Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., V, 1882, 496 

 (Volean de Irazu [Nutting]). — Zeledon, An Mus. Nac. de C. R., I, 1887, 

 116 (Cartago). — Sclater, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., XIV, 1888, 145, part 

 (Dota [Carmiol], Irazu district [Rogers]). — Salvin and Godman, Biol. 

 Centr.-Am., Aves. II, 1888, 36 (Costa Rican references). 



Elcenia frantzii frantzii Ridgway, Birds N. and Mid. Amer., 1907, 434 (Guate- 

 mala to Panama. — Costa Rica: San Jose, Irazu, Santa Maria de Dota, 

 Las Cruces de Candelaria, Barranca, Volean de Turrialba, La Estrella de 

 Cartago). 



U. S. Nat. Museum: El Copey and Santa Maria de Dota (Basulto). 

 Bangs Collection: Volean de Irazu, Cerro de Santa Maria, Azahar de 



Cartago (Underwood). 

 Carnegie Museum Collection: Volean de Irazii, 8,000 feet; Miravalles, 



Juan Vifias (Carriker). Seven skins. 



Frantzius' Elaenia occupies the higher portions of the country, being 

 regularly found on all the volcanoes from near timber-line down to 4,000 

 feet, and irregularly to even lower altitudes, overlapping the range of 

 subpagana for some distance. The bird breeds at high altitudes, and it 

 is quite probable that those taken low down are merely altitudinal mi- 

 grants, which, after the breeding season, have descended in search of 

 better feeding-grounds. The habits of this species are similar to those 

 of subpagana, although the birds can easily be distinguished in life 

 after a little practice. I found it breeding on the Volean de Irazu 

 about the middle of April, when several nests were taken, each containing 

 but two eggs. 



The nest is constructed of roots, weed-stalks, fine grass, and moss, and 

 is always lined with fine black roots, hairs, and a few feathers. It is 

 usually placed in an upright crotch from fifteen to twenty feet above the 

 ground. The nest measures about 3.5X2 outside, and 2X1.25 inches in- 

 side. The eggs are creamy-white, with a few scattering specks and spots 

 of bright chestnut-brown about the larger end, or else with the markings 



