Carriker : List of the Birds of Costa Rica. 841 



(Angostura; crit.). — Salvin and Godman, Biol. Centr.-Am., Aves, I, 1883, 



plate 20, fig. 1. 

 Phoenicothraupis carmioli Frantzius, Jour, filr Orn., 1869, 299 (Costa Rica). 

 ChloVolhraupis carmioli Salvin and Godman, Biol. Centr.-Am., Aves, I, 1883, 299 



(Volcan de Turrialba [Carmiol]; Costa Rican references). — Sclater, Cat. 



Birds Brit. Mus., XI, 1886, 194 (Turrialba [Carmiol]). — Zeledon, An. Mus. 



Nac. deC. R., I, 1887, no (Rio Sucio). — Ridgway, Birds N. and Mid. Amer., 



II, 1902, 155 (Nicaragua to N. Peru; — Costa Rica: Angostura, Turrialba, Rio 



Sucio, Valsa). — Bangs, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., XXII, 1909, 37 (La Vijagua; 



note on peculiar coloration). 



U. S. Nat. Museum: Reventazon (Carranza), San Carlos (Alfaro). 

 Bangs Collection: Cariblanco de Sarapiqui, Carrillo, La Vijagua, about 



sixty skins (Underwood). 

 Carnegie Museum : Guapiles and Volcan de Turrialba, 2,000 feet (Carriker 



& Crawford), Carrillo, Rio Sicsola (Carriker), ten skins; Carrillo and 



Cariblanco de Sarapiqui (Underwood), two skins. 



This tanager is confined to the Caribbean foot-hills from 1,000 up to 

 about 2,500 feet, with the region of greatest abundance between 1,200 

 and 2,000 feet. I found it present in small numbers in southeastern Costa 

 Rica, in the foot-hills back of the Sicsola River, also in the hills to the 

 south of the Santa Clara Valley, but it seems to be very abundant farther 

 north, near the Nicaraguan boundary, where Underwood secured a series 

 of about sixty skins at La Vijagua. It is found only in the heavy damp 

 forests and keeps near the ground like Phoenicothraupis, having habits 

 very similar to those of P. fuscicauda fuscicauda. 



Mr. Bangs' series of skins from La Vijagua exhibits a very curious color 

 phenomenon, which he mentions in a recent note on that species (Proc. 

 Biol. Soc. Wash., XXII, 1909, 37), consisting in irregularly scattered 

 markings of dull vermilion about the head, scapulars, and throat, which 

 he suggests may be the outcropping of the color of some ancestral type 

 from which it has descended, which supposition seems to be the most 

 plausible explanation of the phenomenon. 



660. Phoenicothraupis alfaroana Ridgway. 



Phoenicothraupis vinacea (not of Lawrence) Underwood, Ibis, 1896, 435 (Mira- 



valles). 

 Phoenicothraupis alfaroana Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., XVIII, 1905, 212 



(Miravalles, Costa Rica [C. F. Underwood]; coll. U. S. Nat. Mus.). — Bangs, 



Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., XXII, 1909, 337 (Tenorio and Cerro de Santa Maria 



and Miravalles [Underwood]; critical). 



Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia: Miravalles (Underwood). 



