ORDER XLIV. ROSACEA. 805 



late. Leaflets 5, the lateral ones ovate, obtuse, terminal one lanceolate, 

 acute, glabrous or slightly pubescent on the veins beneath. Spines 

 stipulate, generally straight. Flowers terminal, solitary, or by pairs. 

 Calyx hispid ; segments subulate. Petals emarginate, obovate. Fruit 

 nearly glabrous. — Red. 2{. May — June. In dry fertile soils. Com- 

 mon. 1 — 2 feet. 



4. R. l^eviga'ta, (Mich.) Stem glabrous, branches flexible, armed 

 with strong recurved prickles. Leaflets 3 — 5, lanceolate, serrate, cori- 

 aceous, shining. Flowers solitary, terminal ; segments of the calyx 

 acuminate, unequal, serrate. Petals obovate, obtuse, with the point 

 crenulate. — White. If. April — May. Common. 15 — 20 feet. 



Cherokee Rose. 



The Rose has been an object of esteem in all civilized nations. The species and 

 varieties of this genus, most of them produced by the horticulturist, amount to 400 — 

 500. As an ornamental shrub, it stands unrivaled in public esteem; it yields but little 

 to the mass of vegetable materials made subservient to the uses of man. The leaves 

 of the Red-rose are slightly astringent and tonic, but are used chiefly in infusions as a 

 vehicle for the administration of cathartic medicines. Rose-water is produced by the 

 distillation of the flowers of various species. The Attar of Hoses is a volatile oil 

 existing in very minute quantities in rose leaves, is obtained by distillation, and sold 

 at high prices as a perfume. 



Sub-Order IV.— POMA'CE^. 



Calyx superior. Carpels 2 — 5, united to form a pome, each 

 with 1 — 2 ovules. Fruit usually edible. 



Genus XV— CRATJE'GUS. L. 11—5. 

 (From the Greek kratos, strength ; in allusion to the hardness of the wood.) 



Calyx 5-cleft, tube urceolate. Petals 5, spreading, orbicular. 

 Stameyis numerous. Styles 1 — 5. Fruit fleshy or baccate, 

 crowned with the teeth of the persistent calyx, 1 — 5-seeded. 

 Seeds bony. Thorny shrubs, with simple leaves. Fruit often 

 edible. Thorn-tree. 



1. C. Crus-gal'li, (L.) Stem spiny, branching ; branches geniculate, 

 divaricate. Leaves obovate, deeply serrate, cuneiform, shining, gla- 

 brous, coriaceous, nearly sessile. Spines long. Flowers in terminal, 

 compound corymbs; segments of the calyx linear-lanceolate, sometimes 

 serrate. Styles 2. Fruit red. — White. ^. May — June. Common. 

 10—20 feet. 



2. C. coccin'ea, (L.) Stem spiny. Leaves on long petioles, roundish, 

 ovate, acutely lobed, serrate, glabrous, obtuse at the base. Petioles 

 glandular. Flowers numerous, in corymbs. Calyx glandular, pedun- 

 cles hairy. Styles 5. Fruit large, red, eatable. — White. ^ . May. 

 On banks of streams. 10 — 25 feet. White Thorn. 



8. C. vir'idis, (L.) Stem spiny ; branches slender. Leaves nearly 

 sessile, spatulate, ovate, serrate, with round lobes generally. Segment* 

 of the calyx with glandular serratures. Flowers in small corymbs. 

 Fruit large, globular, 3 — 4-seeded, red. — White. ^ . May — June. 

 8—14 feet. 



4. C. populifo'lia, (Ell) Stem spiny, glabrous, with slender branches ; 

 spines large, and sometimes branched. Leaves small, ovate, serrate, 



