May, 1849. BOTANY OF LACHEN VALLEY. 3!) 



temperate zone ; not only, however, is this the case, but 

 space is also found at Lamteng for the intercalation of types 

 of a Malayan flora, otherwise wholly foreign to the north 

 temperate region. 



A few examples will show this. Amongst trees the 

 Conifers are conspicuous at. Lamteng, and all are of genera 

 typical both of Europe and North America : namely, silver 

 fir, spruce, larch, and juniper, besides the yew : there are 

 also species of birch, aider, ash, apple, oak, willow, cherry, 

 bird-cherry, mountain-ash, thorn, walnut, hazel, maple, 

 poplar, ivy, holly, Andromeda, RJiamnus. Of bushes ; rose, 

 berberry, bramble, rhododendron, elder, cornel, willow, 

 honeysuckle, currant, Spircea, Viburnum, Cotoneastcr, 

 Hippophae. Herbaceous plants * are far too numerous to 

 be enumerated, as a list would include most of the 

 common genera of European and North American plants. 



Of North American genera, not found in Europe, were 

 Buddleia, PodopJiyllwm, Magnolia, Sassafras ? TetrantJiera, 

 Hydrangea, Di elytra, Aralia, Panax, Symplocos, Trillium, 

 and Clintonia. The absence of heaths is also equally a 

 feature in the flora of North America. Of European 

 genera, not found in North America, the Lachen valley has 

 Coriaria, Hypecoum, and various Crucifera. The Japanese 

 and Chinese floras are represented in Sikkim by Camellia, 

 Deutzia, Stacliyurus, Aucuba, Helioingia, Stauntonia, Hy- 

 drangea, Skimmia, Ewrya, Antliogonium, and Enkianthus. 

 The Malayan by Magnolias, Talauma, many vacciniums and 

 rhododendrons, Kadsura, Goughia, Marlea, both coriaceous 

 and deciduous-leaved Ccelogyne, Oberonia, Cyrtosia, Calanthe, 



* As an example, the ground about my tent was covered with grasses and 

 sedges, amongst which grew primroses, thistles, speedwell, wild leeks, Arum, Con- 

 vallaria, Callitriche, Oxalis, Ranunculus, Potentilla, Orchis, Chcerophyllum, Galium, 

 Paris, aud A nagallis; besides cultivated weeds of shepherd's-purse, dock, mustard, 

 Mithridate cress, radish, turnip, Thlaspi arvense, and Poa annua. 



