Appendix B. MR. BERKELEY ON HIMALAYAN ALG^E. 377 



In the hot valleys of the Great Rungeet, at an elevation of about 

 2000 feet, we have the Erythronema, but under a slightly different 

 form ; at Nunklow, at about the same height ; in Khasia, again, at 

 twice that elevation ; in Eastern Nepal, at 12,000 ; and, finally, at 

 Momay, reaching up to 16,000 feet. In water, highly impregnated 

 with oxide of iron, at 4,000 feet in Sikkim, a Leptothrioc occurred in 

 great abundance, coloured with the oxide, exactly as is the case with 

 Algae which grow in iron springs in Europe. At elevations between 

 5000 and 7000 feet, several European forms occur, consisting of 

 Tllotlirix, Zygnema, Oscillatoria, Lyngbya, Sphterozyga, Scytonema, 

 Conferva, and Cladophora. The species may indeed not be identical 

 with European species, but they are all more or less closely allied to 

 well-known Hydrophytes. One very interesting form, however, 

 either belonging to the genus Zygnema, or possibly constituting a 

 distinct genus, occurs in streams at 5000 feet in Sikkim, consisting 

 of highly gelatinous threads of the normal structure of the Zygnema, 

 but forming a reticulated mass. The threads adhere to each other 

 laterally, containing only a single spiral endochrome, and the articu- 

 lations are very long. Amongst the threads are mixed those of some 

 species of Tyndaridea. There is also a curious Hormosiplion, at a 

 height of 7000 feet, forming anastomosing gelatinous masses. A 

 fine new species of Lyngbya extends up as higlVas 11,000 feet. At 

 13,000 feet occurs either some simple Conferva or Zygnema, it is 

 doubtful which from the condition of the specimens ; and at the same 

 elevation, in the nearly dry bed of the stream which flows from the 

 larger lake at Momay, amongst flat cakes, consisting of felspathic 

 silt from the glaciers above, and the debris of Algae, and abounding 

 in Diatomaceae, some threads of a Zygnema. At 17,000 feet, an 

 Oscillatoria, attached or adherent to Zannichellia ; and, finally, on the 

 bare ground, at 18,000 feet, on the Donkia mountains, an obscure 

 species of Ccenocoleus . On the surface of the glaciers at Kinchinjhow, 

 on silt, there is a curious Palmella, apparently quite distinct from any 

 European form. 



Amongst the greater part of the Algae, from 4000 feet to 18,000 

 feet, various Diatomaceae occur, which will be best noticed in a tabidar 

 form, as follows ; the specific name, within brackets, merely indicating 

 the species to which they bear most resemblance : — • 



