232 EAST NEPAL. Chap. X. 



peak of Nango, tinged rosy red, and sparkling in the rays 

 of the setting sun : blue glaciers peeped from every gulley 

 on its side, but these were 2000 to 3000 feet above this 

 moraine ; they were small too, and their moraines were 

 mere gravel, compared with this. Many smaller consecu- 

 tive moraines, also, were evident along the bottom of that 

 lateral valley, from this great one up to the existing glaciers. 

 Looking up the Yangma was a flat grassy plain, hemmed in 

 by mountains, and covered with other stupendous moraines, 

 which rose ridge behind ridge, and cut off the view of all 

 but the mountain tops to the north. The river meandered 

 through the grassy plain (which appeared a mile and a half 

 broad at the utmost, and perhaps as long), and cut 

 through the great moraine on its eastern side, just below 

 the junction of the stream from the glacial valley, which, 

 at the lower part of its course, flowed over a broad steep 

 shingle bed. 



I descended to my camp, full of anxious anticipations for 

 the morrow ; while the novelty of the scene, and its striking 

 character, the complexity of the phenomena, the lake-bed, the 

 stupendous ice-deposited moraine, and its remoteness from 

 any existing ice, the broad valley and open character of the 

 country, were all marked out as so many problems suddenly 

 conjured up for my unaided solution, and kept me 

 awake for many hours. I had never seen a glacier or moraine 

 on land before, but being familiar with sea ice and berg trans- 

 port, from voyaging in the South Polar regions, I was 

 strongly inclined to attribute the formation of this moraine 

 to a period when a glacial ocean stood high on the 

 Himalaya, made fiords of the valleys, and floated bergs 

 laden with blocks from the lateral gulleys, which the winds 

 and currents would deposit along certain lines. On the 

 following morning I carried a barometer to the top of the 



