CESTRELATA MACROPTERA. 



the aspect of the quifi-Hning, into two main sections. Those that had the outer primary 

 dark below form one division, while those which had more or less white towards 

 the base of the inner web are relegated to another. Thus (Estrelata macroptera and 

 M. aterrima are placed in the first section, at a distance from CE. solanderi, which is 

 also a sooty-brown Fulmar. Professor Reichenow has recently published a revision of 

 the southern species of (Estrelata {Deutsche Siidpolar Exped., IX., Zool., I., pp. 483-486), in 

 which he places (E. macroptera in close juxtaposition to M. solanderi and M. brevirostris, 

 considering the dark character of the plumage to be of more importance than the 

 greater or lesser amount of white on the inner surface of the first primary, and I agree 

 with him that CE. macroptera and CE. solanderi are very closely allied. 



The species was first described by Sir Andrew Smith from the Cape seas, where 

 he believed it to be a rare bird, but I have been unable to discover his typical specimen 

 in the British Museum. Gould, writing in 1844, considered that there were two forms 

 of these sooty-brown Fulmars, and described one as Procellaria atlantica, stating that 

 it frequented both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, and might be observed by every 

 passing ship between our shores and the Cape of Good Hope. Of his other species, 

 he relates that it was a fairly abundant bird in the Tasmanian seas, differing from 

 P. atlantica in its larger size, longer wings, and greyer face, and therefore apparently 

 identical with P. macroptera of Smith (Handb. Birds Austr., II., p. 449). Captain 

 Hutton points out that the bird which Sir A. Smith named P. macroptera had, according 

 to that author, no grey on the face, but a white circle round the eye and reddish- 

 brown legs and feet, in both of which points it differed from Gould's bird. 



The grey face which Gould insisted upon is of no value as a character, and I have 

 no doubt that Giglioli and Salvin were quite right in recognising only one species. I 

 imagine that the grey tint on the face and throat in this bird is a sign of adult plumage, 

 and it is quite certain that it fades and bleaches, for in one specimen in the British 

 Museum from the South Atlantic (Gould) the throat is whitish. 



The range of the Long-winged Fulmar is very extensive, as may be gathered from 

 the record of Professor Giglioli, when naturalist on board the " Magenta " (Faun. Vertebr. 

 Oceano, p. 39). The species was first seen near the Crozet Islands (Lat. 38° 22' S., 

 Long. 47° 42' E.), and it followed the ship till nearing S. W. Australia, and thence 

 through Bass's Straits to Port Jackson, as well as in the Pacific from the New Zealand 

 seas to the neighbourhood of Valparaiso. 



Mr. A. J. Campbell confirms its appearance in the seas of New South Wales, 

 Victoria, New Zealand, and in the Southern Ocean (Nests and Eggs Austr. Birds, II., p. 902). 



The following notes are compiled from Buller's " Birds of New Zealand " (2nd ed., 

 II., p. 245), and from Mr. Campbell's account of its incubation. 



Among the breeding places in New Zealand is one sixty miles inland from Opotiki ; 

 likewise the island of Karewa, in the Bay of Plenty ; Whale Island ; the islands in the 

 Hauraki Gulf ; and on the coast of Manukau. CE. macroptera breeds plentifully on the 



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