980 Birds. 



will T think be sufficient to distinguish it from other British species, 

 and these from each other. 



A. Hind claw short, curved, fit for perching. 



a. Outer tail feather with part of inner and outer web dirty 



or greenish white Anthus obscurus, Penn. 



b. Outer tail feather with part of inner and outer web pure 



white. 



1. Length more than 6 inches. Back dusky, breast and ab- 



domen greyish, without yellow Anthus aquaticos, Bechst. 



2. Length less than 6 inches. Back oil green. Sides of the 

 breast yellow Anthus arboreus, Auct. 



B. Hind claw long, slender, nearly straight, fit for walking. 



a. Length more than 6 inches. Breast with feathers triangu- 

 larly tipped with blackish brown. Flanks yellowish brown. 



Bill strong. Back brown Anthus Richardi, Vig. 



b. Length less than 6 inches. Breast with dark brown ob- 



long spots. Flanks regularly spotted. Back oil green. 

 Bill slender Anthus pratensis, Auct. 



Description of Anthus aquaticus, Bechst., Temm., Mihi. Alauda 

 Spinoletta, juvenis, Linn. ? 



Length about 6^- inches. Bill : upper mandible horn-colour, with 

 base of the margin yellow; maxilla yellow, with tip blackish. Throat 

 white, with a slight grey tint. Neck : front white, very slightly grey, 

 sides olive, intermixed with white ; nape olive. Head : dark greyish 

 olive, with a whitish band over each eye, and also the space between 

 the bill and eye white ; auriculars olive ; most of the feathers have 

 not darker shafts. Breast white, the feathers marked along their shafts 

 with irregular elongate greyish spots, which increase in size on ap- 

 proaching the abdomen. Back greyish olive, slightly tinted with 

 wood brown, shafts of the feathers slightly darker; those towards 

 the tail very silky, and without darker shafts. Wings: primaries 

 dusky, extreme outer margin pure white, inner webs growing insensi- 

 bly greyish inwardly from the shaft, outer webs slightly emarginated 

 about a third before the end ; secondaries dusky, edge of inner webs 

 greyish white, they are wide, truncated posteriorly, but slightly sinu- 

 ated or notched at the tip or extremity of the shaft ; scapulars elon- 

 gate, dark wood brown, outer edge pale. Greater and lesser wing- 

 coverts greyish olive edged with white, so as to form a more or less 

 well defined double bar on the wing. Abdomen white in the middle, 

 sides and flanks with some longitudinal olive streaks along the shafts 



