1118 Birds. 



Golden Oriole, Oriolus Galbula. Le Loriot, (Temm.) Arrives in 

 April to pair, departs singly during the first fortnight in September. 



Starling, Sturnus vulgaris. L'Etourneau, {Temm.) Arrives in 

 March and early in April, in small flocks, departs at the end of Sep- 

 tember, October and rarely as late as November ; they then form very 

 large flocks. 



Great Grey Shrike, Lanias excubitor, and 



Lanius meridionalis, 



Arrive in March and April, leave in September. These two species 

 are rare. 



Lanius minor. Arrives and departs with the preceding, but is still 

 more uncommon. Roux asserts that it nestles in Provence. 



Red-backed Shrike, Lanius collurio. Pie-grieche grise, {Temm.) 

 In Provencal, Darnagas. Arrives in April, departs in August and 

 September; several remain during the winter. This species is common. 



Wood-chat Shrike, Lanius rufus. Same dates of migration as the 

 preceding, but is a rare species. 



Muscicapa albicollis. Arrives in April and departs in September. 

 A rare species. 



Pied Flycatcher, Muscicapa atricapilla. Le Gobe-mouche bec- 

 figue ; le Traquet d'Angleterre, {Buff on). Arrives in April and de- 

 parts in September. A common species. 



Missel Thrush, Turdus viscivorus. Merle draine, {Temm.) Ar- 

 rives during February and March ; departs in autumn and sometimes 

 in winter. A small number only leave us, the greater part pass the 

 winter in our pine-forests. 



Fieldfare, Turdus pilaris. Merle litorne, {Temm.) Tordelle {Buf- 



fon). Claque in Normandy, Chaca in Provence. Only arrives in 



Provence when the cold is excessive at the beginning of winter. It 



stays in the wildest places, and departs at the approach of spring. It 



does not cross the sea. 



Song Thrush, Turdus musicus. Merle grive, {Temm.) La Grive 

 des Vignes, {Viellot). Lou tourdre, Provencal. This is the bird of 

 passage, par excellence, of our country. It arrives at the end of Fe- 

 bruary and in March, with the warm east winds and a little rain ; it 

 begins to return about the end of September, but some prolong their 

 stay until November, or even the commencement of the winter. Some 

 indeed pass the whole of the winter with us, and in the spring they 

 cross the Mediterranean in a direct line. In autumn they direct their 

 course towards the west, even when the wind blows from the east. 

 They travel more by night than by day, and on this account, in Tus- 



