clx Pomeranian Species 



trees (Pinus sylvestris), I bred along with L. ulmifoliella, two beau- 

 tiful specimens ; one on the 7th of January and the other on the 1st 

 of February. 



12. L. quercifoliella, F. v. R. Common on oaks everywhere, in the 

 autumn, in the larva and pupa states. In the room the moths appear 

 from the end of December to the end of February. In the open air it 

 appears in May, the second brood at the end of July, and in August, 

 also occurs at Ueckermiinde. 



13. L. connexella, Z., is a species easily recognized by the larva, 

 even before one has succeeded in rearing the perfect insect. I first 

 met with some pupae of it in the middle of October, 1848, upon some 

 smooth-leaved willow-bushes, along the ditch near Eckerberg, behind 

 Steinfurt's mill, and from these I bred three specimens at the begin- 

 ning of March. In 1849, at the beginning of July, I found the sum- 

 mer brood yet as larvee and pupae, and bred from them small dirty 

 specimens, so that I suspected I had found a new species allied to L. 

 connexella ; it was, however, as mentioned, only the summer brood, 

 but differing in size and colour. The spring brood is much larger, 

 and more distinctly marked, and appears in heated rooms from the 

 end of January to the beginning of March, always singly. I found it, 

 not far from Stettin, on the smooth-leaved willows bordering the pio- 

 neers' practising-ground at Alt-Torney, which grow on dry sand; near 

 Krekow in the willow-plantation, sparingly ; near Eckerberg on the 

 willow-bushes along the ditch, and more abundantly in the meadows, 

 but not so plentifully as at Alt-Torney. I never met with the perfect 

 insect in the open air, but the period of flight of the summer brood 

 must be the second half of July, since it was about that time that I 

 bred the specimens. Although I had bred the spring brood up to 

 March, I cannot therefrom decide with certainty its period of flight 

 out of doors. 



The larva and its food. — The mined abode is generally in the 

 middle of the length of the leaf, and almost always occupies half the 

 breadth of the leaf, since it is placed between the midrib and the edge 

 of the leaf. The inhabited spot is easily detected from above by the 

 yellowish colour, which arises from the green pulp of the leaf being 

 devoured, and besides, by the margin of the leaf being somewhat 

 turned inwards. The growing larva places the lower (loosened) skin 

 of the leaf together, forming a stout fold ; from the curving of the leaf 

 which thereby arises, the mined abode assumes the arched form which 

 is necessary in order to make room for the larva, and afterwards for 

 the cocoon of the pupa. The larva has its place of repose precisely 



