4816 Insects, fyc. 



believe, as my face and hands were much swollen by their villanous bites. — Thomas 

 John Bold; Angas Court, Bigg Market, Newcastle-on-Tyne, August 3, 1855. 



Duplicates of the Genus Colymbetes. — The water-net has produced duplicates of 

 the following species of Colymbetes : I shall be much pleased to send them to any 

 entomologist as long as the store holds out: C. oblongus, 77/., chalconotus, Pz., macu- 

 latus, Lin., vitreus, Ph., Sturmii, GylL, bipustulatus, Lin., ater, Fabr., obscurus, 

 Marsh, angustior, GylL, fuliginosus, Fabr., pulverosus, Knoc, exoletus, Fors., and 

 bistrialus, Bergst. I shall be much obliged for specimens of the following species, 

 which do not appear to be metropolitan : C. arcticus, PL, fontinalis, Ste., congener, 

 Pk., uliginosus, Pk., dispar, Bold, brunneus, Fabr., notatus, Fabr., and adspersus, 

 Fabr. I wish it to be distinctly understood that my offer to distribute duplicates is 

 quite unconditional, and not in any way dependant on gifts I may receive. I hope 

 this mode of advertising entomological duplicates and desiderata will be followed by 

 ray readers: the pages of the ' Zoologist' are at their service, and there is no longer 

 any duty on advertisements. — Edward Newman. 



Enormous Flight of Ephemera. — As we were steaming down the Rhine, and near 

 Bonn, with a brisk breeze up the river, we became aware of an appearance as if a 

 heavy storm of snow were coming up against us : we were soon in the midst of a 

 shower of Ephemeras, all in an immature state, having the wings opaque and white: 

 they fell in multitudes on deck, drifting in places into white snow-like masses. The 

 storm continued for miles, the poor things being driven before the wind with that con- 

 fused indeterminate motion we so often see in flakes of snow. — Henry Newman; 

 Brussels, August 11, 1855. 



Short Directions for the Management of Marine Vivaria.— I am preparing a hand- 

 book on the management of marine vivaria, but as my time will not admit of its 

 publication forthwith, and being deluged with applications from friends requiring to 

 be fairly started, I have thought it right to send to the ' Zoologist' the heads of what 

 I consider to be of vast importance, and which, if fairly carried out, will repay those 

 who attempt it with the success equal to that obtained by myself and others. 



First. — When you have obtained your tank, in the first place build up your rock- 

 work : when the cement is set, soak the tank well, that it may be perfectly cleansed 

 from oil and other noxious substances. Coral rag is the best rock for the purpose. 



Secondly. — Place your shingle and sand at the bottom of the tank, and then pour 

 gently on it the sea-water; leave it for a day, and the sand which was stirred up will 

 subside ; you can then put in a little more shingle when required. 



Thirdly. — Obtain your sea-water, when possible, from the western coast; it is 

 much purer than that on the eastern coast. Use a pine cask for the conveyance of the 

 water; oak casks are injurious, from the tannic acid they contain, and casks that have 

 contained fermented liquors are especially deleterious. When the water in the tank 

 has cleared itself, place the weeds in it, and place the tank where the sun can shine on 

 it for at least two hours during the day. 



Fourthly. — When the weeds throw off pretty freely bubbles of oxygen you may 

 safely put in some animals ; Actiniae are good ones to commence with : add the ani- 

 mals gradually, until the tank is properly established. 



