cxcvi Proposed Division of Neuroptera 



Characters of Panorpina. 

 Larva unknown. 

 Pupa necromorphous : a single individual (of Panorpa) has been 



figured by Stein in Weigmann's ' Archives.' 

 Imago with long, setaceous, many-jointed antennae; lateral, distant, 



hemispherical eyes ; and the head produced into a long, deflex- 



ed beak, bearing the mouth at the extremity, as in the Curcu- 



lionina. 



This group may be divided in accordance with the following formula. 

 Ocelli 3 ? placed in a triangle between the 



eyes, Panorpid^e, Newm. 



Ocelli : — 



Wings porrected when at rest, greatly 

 dissimilar, fore-wings ample, much 

 reticulated, hind-wings lengthened to 

 four times the length of the body, 



and perfectly linear Nemopterid^e, Newm. 



Wings when at rest deflexed, ample, re- 

 ticulated, similar MEROPESiDiE, Newm. 



Wings rudimentary only Boreid^e, Steph. 



Obs. 1. — The Panorpida? are divided into two genera, Panorpa and 

 Bittacus ; they are closely allied, but the latter is distinguishable at 

 once by its greatly lengthened legs and wings. 



Obs. 2. — The family Meropesidae, founded on the genus Merope, is 

 nearly allied to the Boreidae, with which it would readily associate but 

 for its ample and normal wings. It is a native of North America, and 

 has the Stegopterous character of roof-like wings, which in the Pa- 

 norpidae and Nemopteridae is not perceptible. 



Characters of Raphidiina. 

 Larva elongate, slow, much resembling in figure that of many Cole- 

 optera, but having the meso- and metathorax more restricted : 

 the mandibles are corneous and acutely toothed ; th 3 antennae 

 are very short and 3-jointed, and, together with the strong curved 

 legs, exhibit many analogies w T ith those of certain Coleoptera : 

 it burrows in the dead bark of trees, never leaving the gallery 

 which it excavates; hence it may be inferred that it feeds on the 

 dead bark, but entomologists have concluded, from the structure 

 of the mandibles, that it is carnivorous : if so, it is the only in- 

 stance on record of a carnivorous larva forming galleries. 



