5198 Entomological Botany. 



pate in the dainty meal of D. sulphurella; but as yet we have not 

 obtained any species from the twigs of the hawthorn. 



In the genus Argyresthia we know of at least one species, Nitidella, 

 which feeds in the shoots of hawthorn. The full-fed larvae may fre- 

 quently be noticed swinging to and fro as they descend by a thread 

 to the ground in the month of May. Of the genus Ornix one species, 

 Anglicella, feeds in the cones which it constructs on the leaves of the 

 hawthorn. 



The genus Coleophora is sufficiently represented among the haw- 

 thorn-feeders. As soon as the fresh leaves are expanded in April, 

 Nigricella comes forth from the crannies where he had spent the win- 

 ter, in spite of all the eager glances of the tom-tits desirous of 

 descrying his whereabouts ; and after breaking his long brumal fast 

 it suddenly occurs to him that his old coat is shabby, — that now the 

 summer fashions are coming in, and he ought to have a new one ; so 

 he sets to work with that determined will which urges all people who 

 are in pursuit of finery, and eats out sufficient of a blotch near the 

 base of the leaf to form a new coat, and, leaving his old curved one 

 attached to the leaf behind him, he struts away in a spick and span 

 new straight one, evidently thinking himself the " admired of all 

 admirers." The brown blotches on the leaves by the middle of May 

 sufficiently betray the abundance of the species and the appetite of 

 each individual. 



In July the leaves are again noticed to be blotched ; and to the 

 scrutinizing eye the blotch will appear of rather a different colour to 

 that caused by C. nigricella; moreover, the case, instead of being 

 straight, is one of the drollest forms of garment which any caterpillar 

 constructs. Conceive a small hawthorn leaf, of a brown colour and 

 folded down the middle, and the caterpillar living in one half of it, 

 for the other half is apparently a superfluous piece of luxury, all for 

 show and not at all for use : this is the case of C. siccifolia. In Au- 

 conspicuous cases of C. paripennella, which are placed almost flat 

 gust and September we find the less upon the leaf. 



The larva of Laverna atra (the white variety) feeds in the haws, in 

 September and October; it has, however, not yet been sufficiently 

 investigated. 



Of the genus Lithocolletis two species feed on the hawthorn, one 

 mining the upper side of the leaf (L. corylifoliella), the other the un- 

 der side. This last has always gone here by the name of Pomifo- 

 liella; but recently Professor Frey has endeavoured to distinguish it 

 from the apple-feeding species, and has applied to it the name of L. 



