10 THE ZOOLOGIST. 



a year old* In winter each animal receives 10 kilos, of good 

 meadow hay with 2 kilos, of oats ; now and then, instead of the 

 latter, bark mixed with flour and meal are given. Trials of 

 lupin and barley were not successful, as both digested badly. 



The shooting of Bison by the Czar and by royal visitors is 

 always duly reported in the sporting papers. The technical names 

 for Bison in use at Pless are probably very ancient : zeber for 

 bull, zubszica for cow, czelen for calf. In old German hunting 

 terminology, the cow was tier, the calf auer-kalb or tier-kalb, the 

 bull homer, gehorn, waffen, and at Pless aufsatz (head-piece). None 

 of these terms are included in Dombrowski's 'Deutsche Waid- 

 manns-sprache.' 



The animals in the park at Schonbrunn, presented by the 

 Czar from Bialowicza, are said to have flourished and increased. 



For a notice of the Bison in the Berlin Zoological Gardens, 

 see Bodinus, ' Die Tierwelt des Zool. Gartens,' ed. 1871, p. 95, and 

 'Die Gartenlaube,' 1864, p. ? 10, with an illustration. The Bison 

 in the Dresden Zoological Gardens did not come direct from Bialo- 

 wicza, but from Schonbrunn, the Emperor Franz Joseph having 

 presented a three-year-old bull and a two-year-old cow. The 

 cow had a calf in 1860, but it was badly treated and finally 

 trampled upon by its parents. A second calf survived. Only one 

 cow is now to be found there, which was born in the seventies. 



Bison were sent to London to George IV., and also in 1848 and 

 1860 to Queen Victoria, though the pair last sent did not come 

 straight from Bialowicza, but had been kept at Grodno for a time. 



In November, 1868, according to the latest ' List of the 

 Vertebrate Animals,' a living European Bison was received at the 

 Zoological Gardens of London, which was born in the Amsterdam 

 Gardens on July 14th, 1865. 



The Empress Katharine had long before received some in 

 1738, and a pair went to St. Petersburg in 1860, which had also 

 been kept at Grodno for a time. 



The Zoological Gardens at Moscow even possessed a Caucasian 

 Bison, which was captured by Adjeff, near Ateikhar, and safely 

 conveyed to Moscow with great difficulty on Dec. 19th, 1866. 

 In the same year there was also one of northern origin there, 

 received from the Zoological Garden of Gatschina. 



* ■ Neue Deutsche Jagd-Zeitung,' v. p. 314. It is erroneously stated in 

 the ' Landwirth, Zeitung des Hamb. Korrespondenten,' 1884 (p. 64), that 

 in this year the number rose to 30 — 40. 



