214 THE ZOOLOGIST. 



milk and butter, which have the reputation of being second to 

 none in the county. A yield of twenty-four quarts per diem is 

 not unusual ; and one cow is stated, on the authority of Mr. J. 

 Hill, to have yielded the extraordinary quantity of thirty-three 

 quarts per diem, but the drain on her constitution proved fatal 

 in about four months, in spite of everything that could be done in 

 the way of feeding. No steers are raised, all surplus bull-calves 

 being fed for veal. The cattle when fattened for beef weigh up 

 to fifteen scores to the quarter, and the meat is said to be 

 excellent both in quality and flavour. The calves, as we have 

 also observed as Chillingham, Chartley, and Cadzow, are even of 

 a more snowy white than the adults. Though wild at first they 

 soon become tractable, but, if allowed to run in the park soon 

 after birth, they are not easily reclaimed. During winter the 

 cows are housed at night, and supplied with hay, meal, and 

 potatoes ; no turnips are given on account of the flavour they 

 impart to the milk. The cattle have the run of about 180 acres 

 of the park, which consists of fine upland turf sloping down 

 to the river Dane. In dry summers, when the river is low, 

 cattle have crossed both ways, but calves of the park cows are 

 kept, if correctly marked, even when the presumptive sire is an 

 ordinary bull. The whole herd will sometimes gallop to a pond 

 in their enclosure, and enter the water till little but their heads 

 remains visible. In concluding our notice of this herd we wish 

 to acknowledge our indebtedness to Sir Charles Shakerley and 

 his agent, Mr. J. Hill, through whose kindness and courtesy we 

 were afforded every facility for examining the cattle, and obtaining 

 the photograph here reproduced. 



The cattle which had been kept for centuries in Lord 

 Newton's park at Lyme ceased to exist in 1885. When Coward 

 saw them, in 1884, there were only three animals left, and owing 

 to too close breeding and other causes the herd had been in a 

 declining state for some years prior to that date. An un- 

 successful attempt was made to perpetuate the herd by the 

 infusion of new blood in the shape of a bull which was obtained 

 from Chartley about the year 1871. The Lyme cattle, which were 

 larger than those of any of the existing park herds, were white with 

 black muzzles and hoofs, and frequently had some black on the 

 fore legs ; the ears were black or red, and occasionally white ; 

 the horns yellow tipped with black. In the ferocity of their 



