Insects. 4187 



Aventia flexularia. Five specimens beaten from hedges. 



Anisopteryx iEscularia. Male and female, pupae at roots of elms. 



Hibernia leucophaeaiia. Ditto, ditto. 



„ rupicapraria. Ditto, ditto. 



„ progemmaria. Ditto, ditto. 



„ aurantiaria. Ditto, ditto. 



„ defoliaria. Ditto, ditto. 



Phigalia pilosaria. Ditto, ditto. 



I mention these insects, as pointing out an easy method of obtain- 

 ing apterous females. H. aurantiaria and defoliaria should be looked 

 for not later than September. The larvae select the dry corners about 

 the roots of elms, sheltered from the rain &c : such a predilection have 

 they for these little dry nooks, that there appears to be quite a strug- 

 gle for the possession of them ; and I have sometimes found as 

 many as six and even seven cocoons all fastened together in one bun- 

 dle ! P. pilosaria, however, like Biston Betularia, seems to prefer 

 the edges, and not the comers, of the tree. 



Biston prodromaria. Pupae at roots of oak. 



„ Betularia. Pupae at roots of elm, in plenty. 

 „ hirtaria. Pupae at roots of elm, scarce. 



Tephrosia consonaria. In immense profusion on trunks of beech- 

 trees, in Beech Wood, at the beginning of May. The insect emerges 

 from the pupa about two in the afternoon, at which time I have seen 

 them by dozens drying their wings on the trunks of the trees. The 

 male is not nearly so brightly coloured nor so distinctly marked as 

 the female, and appears as if wasted or rubbed. This, however, is 

 certainly not the case, as I have had the insect in all its stages, and 

 have, as above remarked, repeatedly taken them immediately after 

 emerging from the pupa. In all cases, the male presented the same 

 dim and dusky appearance. This is one of the few insects I have ta- 

 ken in the pupa-state at the roots of trees in woods. 



Boarmia Abietaria. A few specimens beaten from firs, Beech Wood. 



Anticlea rubidaria. Five, beaten from hedges, 



Phaesyle miaria. Pupae at roots of birch. 



Ypsipites ruberaria. Pupae under loose bark of poplars. 



Lobophora sexalisaria. Pupae, I do not know at what tree. 



Eucosmia undularia. Two pupae ; where found I cannot say. 



Eupithecia sobrinaria. Not uncommon at light. 



„ rufifasciaria. Two pupae at roots of oak. 



„ Fagicolaria ? Extremely local, being confined to one 



open spot in Beech Wood, but very common there. 



