JRadiata. 6583 



delay of his own satisfaction till his associate is ready ; the power of 

 communicating the fact to her ; the power in her of apprehending the 

 communication ; her immediate obedience to the intimation ; her 

 relinquishment of her wonted hold, which for months at least had never 

 been interrupted ; her simultaneous taking of a new, unwonted hold 

 where alone it could have been of any use; the concerted action of both ; 

 the removal ; her relinquishment of the transitory adhesion as soon as 

 its purpose was accomplished; her simultaneous grasp of the new shell 

 in the proper places ; — all these are wonderful to contemplate, won- 

 derful considered singly, far more wonderful in their cumulation. Is 

 there not here much more than what our modern physiologists are 

 prone to call automatic movements, the results of reflex sensorial 

 action ? The more I study the lower animals, the more firmly am I 

 persuaded of the existence in them of psychical faculties, such as con- 

 sciousness, intelligence, will and choice ! and that even in those forms 

 in which as yet no nervous centres have been detected. 



P. H. Gosse. 



Torquay, April 21, 1859. 



Additional notes on the above. 



May 2. Eleven days have elapsed since the above observations 

 were made, and I have now another interesting fact to record, bearing 

 on this strange association. The Adamsia has not looked well since 

 the change of residence ; its adhesion to the shell has been but partial 

 at the best, some days more, some days less, extensive ; but for the 

 most part a considerable portion of the zoophyte was hanging down 

 from the shell. The crab, on the other hand, was evidently in clover, 

 and showed no inclination to go back to his old lodging. 



This morning T found the Adamsia detached, and lying helplessly 

 on the bottom of the tank, beneath the crab, who, when disturbed, 

 walked off, leaving his companion behind. I thought now it was a 

 gone case, and that it was all up with my elegant protegee. 



An hour or two afterwards, however, how great was my surprise to 

 see the Adamsia fairly established again, adhering to the shell by a 

 good broad base, and looking more healthy than I had seen her for many 

 a day ! Strangely enough, she was adhering in a false position, having 

 taken hold on the outer lip of the shell, instead of the inner, as usual. 

 Here was a fresh proof of intelligence somewhere ; and I at once sat 

 myself to find where. 



