50 tliE zoologist. 



faint, partly shading off into cream-colour, and in parts has 

 quite disappeared. Eggs and young in down were also pro- 

 cured. As a remarkable circumstance may be here mentioned 

 the capture of a female of this species in full plumage on Lake 

 Ossiach, in Carniola, on Jan. 2nd, 1884. 



Larus leucopterus, Faber, Iceland Gull, — As abundant as the 

 preceding, and frequently observed in its company. This is 

 especially the case with the young birds which occasionally appear 

 in winter at sea in pairs, one of this and one of the preceding 

 species. This gull nests on low ledges, which often scarcely 

 project above high-water mark. In mode of life this species 

 resembles the last. L. leucopterus inhabits only the North Polar 

 Sea, Iceland, Greenland, and the coasts of North America, but 

 in the east is absent from Spitzbergen and Novaya Zemlya. "We 

 obtained specimens in all stages of plumage, from the young 

 dress, which is darker than that represented by Naumann (pi. 265, 

 fig. 3), through the most varied transitional stages, to that of the 

 adult. [This bird is only a winter visitor to Iceland, and Jan 

 Mayen appears to be the only breeding station for this species 

 within the European Polar Regions, a fact hitherto unnoticed. 

 Mr. Howard Saunders, in his ' Manual of British Birds,' p. 666, 

 says, " during the breeding season it appears to be confined to 

 Greenland and the arctic regions of America." — W. E. O.J 



Larus argentatus, Briinnich, Herring Gull. — On June 23rd we 

 captured a female in young dress and with undeveloped ovaries. 

 In the autumn this gull was met with for a short time in larger 

 companies in a bight near the Vogelberge Crater. This gull 

 belongs to lower latitudes than the preceding, advancing in 

 Scandinavia to 66° N., and is absent from Iceland. Isolated 

 cases of its occurrence are those from North America, and that 

 of Jan Mayen here recorded. 



Pagophila eburnea, Phipps, Ivory Gull. — I saw the first gulls 

 of this species on May 3rd, 1883, under the walls of the N.W. 

 Cape; they were seen on this day both in pairs and singly, 

 although not known to breed on Jan Mayen. Of this species, 

 which belongs to the extreme north of Europe and America, two 

 young birds from Greenland are in the Imperial Collection ; one 

 from the north of Novaya Zemlya, from the Voyage of Count 

 Wilczek, and a pair of unknown origin. One was captured on 

 Neusiedler See, in Hungary, when the fish were dying owing 



