BIRDS OF HELIGOLAND AND OF THE BRITISH ISLANDS. 265 



Passer domesticus and P. montanus belong to both lists. 

 Pyrrhula major is a very irregular visitor to Heligoland, but has 

 not been known to occur in the British Islands, whilst our com- 

 mon P. vulgaris has only once occurred on Heligoland. 



Carpodacus erythrinus is a very rare visitor to Heligoland, as 

 well as to the British Islands, and there is an example in the 

 Gatke collection which is supposed to be a young bird of C. 

 roseus, but there is no evidence that it has been compared with 

 the young of the many allied species. 



Pinicola enucleator, Loxia curvirostra (both thick- and thin- 

 billed races) and L. bifasciata occur in both lists, but the American 

 race of the latter is not known from Heligoland. 



Two examples of Dolychonix oryzivora from North America 

 have occurred on Heligoland. 



The three British Swallows visit Heligoland, and in addition 

 the South European Hirundo mtfula has once occurred. H. 

 cahirica is supposed to have been once seen, but, if not a dark- 

 bellied example of H. rustica, the bird was probably H. tytleri 

 from Siberia. The American Progne purpurea is not known to 

 have occurred on Heligoland. 



To the six British species of Anthus must be added two 

 examples of A. ludovicianus ; and to the five British species of 

 Motacilla must be added M. citreola, M. borealis, and, it is said, 

 M. melanocephala, to complete the Heligoland list, but, curiously 

 enough, Gatke does not distinguish the two last-mentioned spe- 

 cies from each other. 



In addition to the six Larks included in the British list, an 

 example of Alauda pispoletta was shot in May, 1879 ; A. calandra 

 is said to have been shot half a century ago, and an example of 

 A. tartarica was shot in April, 1874. 



Of the Cucididce, Cucidus canorus is the only species known 

 to visit Heligoland, C. glandarius from Southern Europe, and 

 Cocyzus americanvs from North America, not having been known 

 to have been procured. 



The Picidce are amongst the least migratory of birds ; they 

 are almost unknown in Ireland. Picus martins and P. tridactylus, 

 though both common in Scandinavia, are not known to have 

 occurred either on Heligoland or on any of the British Islands ; 

 P. minor is also unknown on Heligoland, and P. leuconotus and 

 Gecinus viridis are only included in the list on the faith of 



