5606 Birds. 



Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus). Arrived in early spring, and plentiful. 



Great Spotted Cuckoo {Cuculus glandarius). Plentiful, but not 

 migratory, I believe. 



Swallow (Hirundo rustica). A few of these birds winter on the 

 Rock of Gibraltar and its immediate vicinity (I have seen them con- 

 tinually on the wing throughout the winter). The main flight arrives 

 early in March, and immediately commence nesting, building in great 

 numbers inside the numerous " ventas," and being much pelted by the 

 inmates. Early in April I saw nests with young in them. 



Martin [Hirundo riparia). Also winters in small numbers on the 

 Rock. The spring flight arrives about the same time as the swallow, 

 and breed in great numbers on the Mediterranean side of the Rock. 



Swift [Cypselus apus). This bird arrives much later than the two 

 former, but in immense numbers ; they remain about the Rock the whole 

 summer, leaving about November. It is most amusing to watch these 

 birds ; immense flocks of them chasing each other round the house-tops, 

 and screaming to such an extent as at times to drown all other sounds. 



Whitebellied Swift {Cypselus alp in us). Arrives about the same 

 time as the former, but is rare. I only saw a few pair, and always 

 about the higher parts of the Rock. What appeared to me strange 

 was that from their first arrival I always saw them in pairs. 



Of the Columbidae I observed three varieties, the rock dove 

 [Columba livia), which was very numerous, breeding in the caves 

 on the eastern side of the Rock ; the ring dove [Columba palumbus), 

 which was very plentiful in the cork-wood in spring (although only 

 occasionally seen in winter), and breeds there ; and the beautiful little 

 turtle dove [Columba turtur), which arrived early in April, and 

 remained during the summer for breeding: great numbers of them 

 are shot on their arrival, and sold in the markets, they being much 

 esteemed for the table. 



Redlegged Partridge {Perdix rubra). Plentiful. I am inclined to be- 

 lieve that this is the only species of red-leg found in this part of Spain. 

 I diligently searched the markets for the Barbary partridge, but without 

 success, although great nnmbers of the common red-leg were always to 

 be found for sale, and if any other species had been in the province 

 I think they would occasionally have graced the dealer's stall. 



Quail {Perdix colurnix). Very numerous in September, when the 

 " Intrada" (as termed by the Spaniards) arrives : a few remain during 

 winter, but the majority, by the end of October, are either killed or 

 have passed on their journey. A few breed in the country. 



Andalusian Quail [Hemipodius tachydromus). Frequently met 

 with, but by no means numerous, seldom finding more than two or 



