156 POPULAE ECONOMIC BOTANY. 



useful for feeding small birds, and for the oil which it yields 

 by expression. The mode of preparing the fibre is very si- 

 milar to that described under Flax, but the fibre produced is 

 much longer and coarser. Some of the fine Italian Garden 

 Hemp is eight or nine feet long, and of a very fine quality ; 

 it is used chiefly for sail-cloths,, sacking, and cordage. We 

 receive the bulk of that which is consumed in this country 

 from Eussia, in which country and in Poland its culture has 

 been brought to great perfection. Inferior kinds are also 

 brought from North America and India. From Italy we re- 

 ceive the remarkably fine variety raised by spade culture and 

 called "Italian Garden Hemp;" only small quantities of 

 this sort arrive. The imports of 1851 were 52,452 tons, 

 of which at least 45,000 tons were from Russia. 



The varieties found in the markets are — 



Polish Ryne Hemp; Petersburg Clean, Half-clean, and 

 Outshot Hemp ; White Crown Marienburg, Bengal, Ameri- 

 can, and Italian Garden Hemp. 



Large quantitities are also cultivated in various parts of 

 England. 



Jute. Corchorus capsularis. (Nat. Ord. Tiliacea.) (Plate 

 VII. fig. 35.) 



The fibre of this plant has of late years become so gene- 



