EABTHWOBM STUDIES. 455 



1. Lumbricus herculeus, Savigny. j*-^. Generally distri- 

 buted. Kecords wanted for islands all round the coasts of 

 England, Scotland, and Ireland, and some few counties of 

 England. 



2. L. papillosus, Friend. |Ep. First described by me in 

 Proc. Koy. Irish Ac. (3), ii. p. 453. Hitherto found only in 

 Ireland. A well-marked species, but very similar to, and easily 

 mistaken for, the foregoing. 



3. L. festivus, Savigny. |^^. Though first described in 

 1826, it was for nearly sixty years lost to view. I rediscovered 

 it in 1890, and named it L. rubescens. This year it has been 

 found again in France also. It is widely distributed, my own 

 records including Sussex, Kent, Middlesex, Norfolk, Gloucester- 

 shire, Yorkshire, Lanarkshire, Down, Dublin, and other counties. 



4. L. rubellus, Hoffmeister. §^. Widely distributed. This 

 species is fortunately free from the bewildering array of synonyms 

 attaching to some others. 



5. L. castaneus, Savigny. f^Eji* Mr. Beddard remarks truly 

 that this species, like the last, has almost invisible male pores, 

 owing to the absence of a glandular swelling, such as characterizes 

 so many Lumbricidce. The prostomium has a transverse furrow. 

 It is apparently only to be distinguished from L. rubellus by the 

 different position of the clitellum and the tubercula pubertatis. 

 I should add, " and, as a rule, by the marked difference in their 

 relative sizes, and the tendency of this species to crawl back- 

 wards." By an error in the ciphers, Beddard's ' Monograph ' 

 makes castaneus four times as long as rubellus (500 mm. to 120), 

 whereas it should be half the length (50 or 60 mm. to 120) ; the 

 former being ordinarily two or three inches long, and the later 

 (rubellus) about five. 



I may here point out an interesting feature in connection 

 with this genus. In 1896 Dr. Ribaucourt described a new Swiss 

 species (L. studeri), specimens of which reached me from Nor- 

 mandy just after the name had been adopted. This species filled 

 up a gap in the chart which he had previously drawn up, and 

 enabled us to set forth the regular succession of segments bearing 

 the clitellum. The plan now stands as follows : — 



2i2 



