478 THE ZOOLOGIST. 



the chase. Otters pursued the salmon and trout in the rivers, 

 beavers constructed their wonderful dams, and water rats haunted 

 the banks of the streams." Mr. Windle adds the remark that 

 while many of the animals just mentioned are no longer to be 

 found in England, only one, the Irish elk, has become absolutely 

 extinct. 



With the Bronze Period, synchronous with Celtic immigra- 

 tion, of which a later band — the Brythons — have been located in 

 the fourth century b. c, we come to historic facts, and Pytheas, 

 who then visited the country, has given his impressions. It was 

 probably then, as our author describes it, covered with vast forests 

 and marshes, "overhung with constant fogs and deluged with 

 frequent rains." Pytheas was probably the first to mention the 

 British beer, known by a Celtic term curmi, now cuirm in Irish, 

 and cwrw in Welsh, and which the Greek physicians warned their 

 patients against, as " producing pain in the head and injury to 

 the nerves." 



We cannot further pursue a subject which not only appertains 

 to Anthropology, but also to the general zoologist, altogether 

 relating to our British fauna, and affording many side lights to 

 the actual status of our animal life of to-day, man included. 

 The size of the book, some 230 pages only, of course denotes 

 that it is suggestive to further reading elsewhere, and a very fair 

 and useful bibliography is given as an appendix. (The name 

 Dr. Beddoes, as written throughout, might with advantage be 

 deprived of its ultimate consonant). Another useful appendix is 

 a County List, giving localities where many primitive remains 

 may be observed. 



The Vivarium, being a Practical Guide to the Construction, Arrange* 

 ment, and Management of Vivaria, containing full information 

 as to all Reptiles suitable as Pets, dtc. By the Rev. Gregoby 

 C. Bateman, A.K.C. L. Upcott Gill. 



Though animals and their habits are of course best studied 

 under natural conditions, there are very many living creatures 

 which can only be observed in captivity by naturalists. Certainly 

 many of the reptiles included in this comprehensive volume — Cro- 

 codiles and Pythons, for example— are not usual out-door studies, 



