664 GEOLOGICAL NOTES ON KOSCIUSKO, 



depth of 60 feet in very hard granite. The work done in cutting 

 out this notch represents probably the whole amount of erosion 

 accomplished by the Snowy River since the recession of the ice- 

 from this part of the Snowy Valley. According to the experi- 

 ments of Mr. C. C. Brittlebank in Victoria, it would take a river 

 like the Snowy from 50,000 to 100,000 years to accomplish such 

 a work. These data are obviously only very approximate, and 

 this points not to the oldest but to the middle phase of the 

 glaciation. 



Having traced the course of the old Snowy glacier down to 

 this spot, which is only 5,500 feet above sea-level, we explored 

 the country along to the east of Charlotte's Pass in the upper 

 portion of Spencer's Creek, There was clear evidence of th& 

 glacier-ice having crossed the valley of the Snowy, forced its way 

 over the high ridge of Charlotte's Pass, and having streamed 

 down into Spencer's Creek; as it cascaded over the Pass it 

 gouged out deep lake-hollows; on the eastern side of the Pass, 

 at least three such being distinctly visible. It is proposed to 

 call these Lakes Lendenfeld, Mackie and Siissmilch. 



On the south-east side of Spencer's Creek several excellent 

 examples of hanging valleys were observed. Another beautiful 

 and typical hanging valley is to be seen up the northern tributary 

 of Spencer's Creek, to the south of the Perisher, about a mile 

 above the site of the new Betts' Camp; this valley is hung about 

 150 feet above the main valley. Mr. Andrews was of opinion 

 that the phenomenon of this hanging valley was due to the 

 differential erosion of a heavy mass of ice coming across from 

 the direction of Mt. Twynam over the ridge which separates the 

 Snowy River from Spencer's Creek, then plunging downwards as 

 it crossed the northern tributary of Spencer's Creek, and moved 

 eastward to the north of Betts' Camp over the shallow depression 

 of the plateau into the valley of the Thredbo River. Numerous 

 large blocks of phyllite were found by us in Spencer's Creek 

 valley, resting there on a granite surface. These phyllite blocks 

 must have boen transported from the direction of the belt extend- 

 ing from Kosciusko to Mt. Twynam, a distance of 4 or 5 miles. 



