A FOREST WORKING PLAN. 385 



Both the spruce and the pine do best in the swamp type on little hills or 

 knolls rising above the general elevation of the typical swamp, but which are 

 not large enough in area to be segregated from the remainder of the type. 

 On such knolls are found also what little birch, sugar maple, and beech the type 

 contains. 



Taken as a whole the typical swamp conditions may be said to be characterized 

 by the absence of birch, beech, and sugar maple, and the presence of large 

 quantities of balsam growing on low-lying flats, with occasional knolls on 

 which are found the spruce and pine. The other typical trees of the swamp type 

 are the tamarack, the arborvitas, and the red maple. Scattering white and black 

 ash are also found on the better-drained portion. 



Upper Spruce Slope.— The third type, upper spruce slope, embraces the 

 higher slopes of the mountains and principal hills. It has been set apart as 

 one of the reserves and will be discussed in detail under that heading. 



In the following is given a description of the forest upon each township. 



Township 5. 



The forest on Township 5 is a mixed one of conifers and broadleaf trees. 

 Each of the three forest types is represented, but spruce land is the most important, 

 covering 74 per cent of the merchantable area and 63 per cent of the total area. 



On many small areas may be found good stands of spruce, but taken as a whole 

 the number of trees per acre is not as large nor are the trees themselves of as 

 good size as those on the other townships. The proportion of hardwoods, too, is 

 greater. While there has been no organized lumbering on Township 5, a belt 

 of spruce timber, to be used for bridges, fencing, etc., was cut across the town- 

 ship at the time of the construction of the Uncas Road. The removal of this 

 timber, which was among the best on the township, makes the forest on Township 5 

 less valuable than that on the rest of the block. 



The spruce land type on Township 5 contains large mixed stands of hardwoods 

 and spruce in which the proportion of spruce is considerably less than the average 

 for the whole township. 



The swamp on Township 5 occurs mainly near the Brown's Tract Inlet in 

 small bodies adjacent to Seventh and Eighth Lakes and in larger belts in the south 

 part of the township. Here the stand is largely composed of balsam. This type 

 covers twenty-six per cent of the merchantable area and twenty-two per cent of 

 the total area of the township. 



The upper spruce slope of summit reserve on Township 5 is smaller in area than 

 2 5 



