A FOREST WORKING PLAN. 389 



spruce and hardwoods. The best of the spruce on Township 41 occurs on the 

 southwest slope of the long ridges, especially in the northern part of the township. 

 On the hills in the center of the township the broadleaf trees are more in evidence, 

 while on the lower slopes a larger percentage of balsam comes into the mixture. 

 The stand of spruce on Township 41 is heavier than on either of the other 

 townships or that on Township 40. On spruce land in Township 41 the spruce 

 makes up nearly half of the forest, the percentage in mixture for trees ten inches 

 and over being forty-one. Next in importance comes the yellow birch, followed 

 closely by beech, the percentage in mixture of these species being respectively 

 twenty and nineteen. Sugar maple, hemlock, and balsam, with a scattering of 

 white pine, cedar and black cherry, make up the remainder of the forest. 



The swamp type on Township 41 occurs mainly in the bottoms of the U-shaped 

 valleys and on the lower slopes of the ridges, especially in the northern part of 

 the township and on the low-lying land along the Sucker Brook. It makes 

 twenty-eight per cent of the merchantable area and twenty-four per cent of the 

 total area of the township. It is characterized in this township by the abundance 

 of balsam, the stand of this species being in many cases pure and having a 

 density so great that one can only with difficulty penetrate the thickets. The 

 percentage in mixture of balsam is twenty-eight. There is forty per cent of 

 spruce, the average number of trees per acre being twenty-three. Two areas 

 of open marsh occur in the swamp type on Township 41 ; one of these surrounds 

 Haymarsh Pond, the other is in the lower part of Sucker Brook valley. 



Near the Haymarsh Ponds there is a fair stand of young tamarack which is 

 spreading out into the open marsh. This species is a very intolerant tree which 

 grows only where it can have every advantage of light. It has become charac- 

 teristic of the swamp because of its ability to live in wet situations. 



Upper spruce slope, or, as it appears on the map, the summit reserve, occurs 

 along the tops of the ridges, for the most part above the 2,300-foot contour line, 

 although there are instances where the reserve line comes as low as 2,200 feet 

 and others where the spruce land runs up as high as 2,400 feet. It covers five 

 and one half per cent of the total area of the township. 



