374 REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONERS OF 



the best apparatus yet designed for spraying trees is that constructed under the 

 direction of Dr. E. B. Southwick, Entomologist of the Department of Public Parks of 

 the city of New York, which is the form used in Albany. The whole outfit is represented 

 in the accompanying figure (3). It consists of a "Daimler" gasoline motor operating a 

 Gould force pump — the motor and pump, weighing but 300 pounds, can be placed in 

 the bottom of a spring wagon along with the one hundred gallon tank containing the 

 poisonous mixture. This motor has the advantage of being almost noiseless in 

 operation and is scarcely noticed by passing horses. It is very inexpensive to operate 

 as a gallon of gasoline is sufficient for a day and it requires little attention. The 

 smallest size Gould three-piston pump is the one used with the motor, though Dr. 

 Southwick now recommends a larger one in order to utilize the power more fully. This 

 apparatus, with the tank, 400 feet of }i inch rubber hose and other necessary fittings, 

 can be bought for about $500. Other engines and pumps could undoubtedly be used 

 and would give excellent results. This power can easily supply four lines of hose, 

 though in Albany it was found that not more than two could be used to advantage 

 in most places. 



Forest Tent Caterpillar: Aaple Worm. 



Clisiocampa disstria Hiibn. 



Stripping a large proportion of the foliage from maples has been a marked 

 characteristic of this species for the last three years in many sections of New York. 

 In 1897 and 1898, the sugar maples of Delaware, Greene and Otsego counties suffered 

 most severely from the attacks of this pest, large areas being left with hardly a green 

 leaf. The destructive work of this caterpillar in 1899 was more general than in the 

 preceding two years, there having been complaints received from about half the 

 counties in the state, and in some sections the depredations were worse than ever. 

 This species appeared in force in many cities and villages, threatening thousands of 

 handsome shade trees with defoliation, and had it not been for most energetic efforts 

 on the part of local authorities and private individuals, many maples along streets and 

 in parks would have been stripped of leaves. As this native species is generally 

 distributed, its comparative abundance in a locality is due to natural causes, favorable 

 or otherwise, and very rarely can it be said that the insect has migrated to any extent, 

 except in a very local and restricted sense. 



Description. This insect can be distinguished at once from the common apple 

 tree tent caterpillar, Clisiocampa americana Fabr., by the fact that no conspicuous web 

 tent is spun. This caterpillar (Plate 1, figure 13) has a row of somewhat diamond 



