﻿78 
  THE 
  EXTINCT 
  BATRACHIA, 
  REPTILIA 
  

  

  Measurements. 
  In. 
  Lin. 
  

  

  Length 
  of 
  muzzle 
  to 
  16th 
  tooth, 
  16 
  0.5 
  

  

  " 
  " 
  " 
  extremity 
  of 
  premaxillary 
  hone, 
  7 
  1. 
  

  

  " 
  " 
  " 
  to 
  posterior 
  edge 
  incisive 
  foramen, 
  2 
  4.5 
  

  

  " 
  " 
  " 
  to 
  anterior 
  " 
  " 
  " 
  1 
  7.5 
  

  

  Humerus. 
  — 
  This, 
  with 
  a 
  femur, 
  helongs 
  to 
  the 
  right 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  series 
  from 
  Birmingham, 
  first 
  descrihed. 
  Its 
  

   characters 
  are 
  indicated 
  under 
  the 
  head 
  of 
  T. 
  brevispinis. 
  The 
  shaft 
  is 
  rather 
  slender 
  and 
  curved 
  outwards 
  ; 
  the 
  

   head 
  is 
  strongly 
  curved 
  backwards 
  ; 
  its 
  articular 
  face 
  is 
  narrow, 
  and 
  remarkably 
  convex. 
  The 
  condyles 
  are 
  broken 
  

   away, 
  leaving 
  the 
  comencement 
  of 
  the 
  coronoid 
  fossa 
  : 
  

  

  In. 
  Lin. 
  

  

  Length 
  (restored), 
  9 
  5 
  

  

  " 
  to 
  summit 
  deltoid 
  ridge, 
  2 
  11 
  

  

  Width 
  head, 
  2 
  3 
  

  

  Circumference 
  shaft 
  (least), 
  2 
  1 
  

  

  Femur. 
  — 
  This 
  piece 
  is 
  perfect 
  ; 
  two 
  distal 
  ends 
  from 
  Barnesboro, 
  besides 
  numerous 
  proximal 
  ends, 
  have 
  also 
  

   come 
  into 
  my 
  hands. 
  It 
  is 
  more 
  slender 
  than 
  in 
  the 
  caimans 
  and 
  crocodiles 
  of 
  the 
  present 
  day. 
  The 
  inner 
  trochanter 
  

   is 
  quite 
  prominent, 
  the 
  articular 
  face 
  of 
  the 
  head 
  very 
  convex. 
  The 
  shaft 
  is 
  sigmoidally 
  bent 
  anteroposterioly, 
  and 
  

   is 
  bowed 
  extero-internally, 
  with 
  a 
  subordinate 
  abrupt 
  incurvature 
  below 
  the 
  head. 
  The 
  latter 
  is 
  largely 
  caused 
  by 
  

   a 
  prominent 
  thickening 
  on 
  the 
  inner 
  side. 
  The 
  outer 
  condyle 
  is 
  twice 
  the 
  size 
  of 
  the 
  inner, 
  and 
  they 
  are 
  continued 
  

   into 
  obtuse 
  crests 
  on 
  the 
  upper 
  face 
  of 
  the 
  bone, 
  of 
  which 
  the 
  outer 
  is 
  much 
  more 
  elevated. 
  Below 
  their 
  sides 
  spread 
  

   apart. 
  

  

  In. 
  Lin. 
  

  

  Length, 
  10 
  7 
  

  

  " 
  of 
  head 
  (straight), 
  2 
  7 
  

  

  " 
  (transverse) 
  of 
  condyles, 
  2 
  3 
  

  

  Least 
  circumference 
  of 
  shaft, 
  3 
  5 
  

  

  Of 
  dermal 
  bones, 
  those 
  of 
  two 
  species, 
  perhaps 
  of 
  more, 
  were 
  procured 
  from 
  the 
  excavations 
  that 
  produced 
  four 
  

   species 
  of 
  Gavials, 
  with 
  Bottosaurus,* 
  and 
  to 
  which 
  they 
  are 
  to 
  be 
  referred 
  is 
  not. 
  very 
  clear. 
  In 
  the 
  one, 
  the 
  pits 
  

   or 
  fovea 
  are 
  very 
  large 
  and 
  are 
  separated 
  by 
  narrow 
  elevated 
  partitions 
  ; 
  in 
  the 
  other 
  they 
  are 
  small 
  and 
  are 
  separated 
  

   by 
  flat 
  intervals 
  wider 
  than 
  themselves. 
  In 
  the 
  former 
  the 
  fovea 
  extend 
  to 
  the 
  edges 
  of 
  the 
  plate 
  on 
  the 
  bevelled 
  

   edges; 
  in 
  the 
  latter, 
  the 
  bevelled 
  edges 
  are 
  without 
  fovae. 
  Leidy 
  says 
  of 
  those 
  of 
  this 
  type, 
  "plates 
  coarsely 
  

   foveated." 
  The 
  first 
  described 
  belong 
  to 
  the 
  median 
  series 
  of 
  the 
  present 
  species, 
  as 
  they 
  usually 
  accompany 
  its 
  

   bones 
  when 
  they 
  occur 
  alone; 
  and 
  the 
  latter 
  to 
  the 
  external 
  series. 
  

  

  Parallelogrammic 
  dermal 
  bones 
  without 
  pits, 
  and 
  with 
  very 
  high 
  longitudinal 
  crests, 
  standing 
  on 
  more 
  than 
  "half 
  

   the 
  length, 
  frequently 
  accompany 
  remains 
  of 
  this 
  species. 
  They 
  are 
  cervical 
  or 
  nuchal 
  bones, 
  and 
  are 
  of 
  relatively 
  

   large 
  size, 
  equalling 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  dorsal 
  region. 
  The 
  crests 
  are 
  oblique 
  in 
  the 
  direction 
  of 
  their 
  length. 
  Such 
  bones 
  

   belong 
  to 
  this 
  species, 
  perhaps 
  to 
  H. 
  cordatus 
  also. 
  

  

  HOLOPS 
  TENEBROSUS, 
  Leidy. 
  

  

  Crocodilus 
  tenebrosus, 
  Leidy. 
  Cretaceous 
  Reptiles 
  U. 
  S., 
  115. 
  Tab. 
  III., 
  figs. 
  12-15. 
  Thoracosaums 
  tenebrosus 
  

   Cope. 
  Geological 
  Survey 
  of 
  New 
  Jersey, 
  Appendix 
  C. 
  

  

  This 
  species 
  is 
  as 
  yet 
  little 
  known. 
  Leidy'stype 
  is 
  represented 
  by 
  two 
  cervicals, 
  a 
  seventh 
  dorsal, 
  a 
  caudal, 
  and 
  

   portions 
  of 
  humeri 
  ; 
  on 
  account 
  of 
  their 
  close 
  resemblance, 
  and 
  marked 
  specific 
  separation 
  from 
  II. 
  obscurus, 
  I 
  regard 
  

   as 
  the 
  same 
  an 
  animal 
  of 
  which 
  a 
  cervical 
  and 
  three 
  lumbars 
  are 
  preserved 
  in 
  my 
  collection. 
  The 
  dorsals 
  exhibit 
  a 
  

  

  ♦Several 
  simple 
  coprolites 
  which 
  accompanied 
  these 
  remains, 
  probably 
  belonged 
  to 
  the 
  same 
  species. 
  

  

  