﻿AND 
  AVES 
  OF 
  NORTH 
  AMERICA. 
  ' 
  167 
  

  

  In. 
  Lin. 
  

  

  Thickness 
  costal, 
  5. 
  

  

  ' 
  ' 
  marginal, 
  9. 
  7 
  

  

  " 
  epistemal 
  (average), 
  9. 
  

  

  " 
  xiphisternal 
  near 
  outer 
  margin, 
  7.8 
  

  

  Expanse 
  trochanters, 
  2 
  3. 
  

  

  Long 
  diameter 
  shaft 
  femur, 
  g. 
  

  

  " 
  head 
  of 
  coracoid, 
  17. 
  5 
  

  

  A 
  large 
  species 
  is 
  represented 
  by 
  numerous 
  fragments 
  from 
  the 
  Miocene 
  marls 
  of 
  Eastern 
  North 
  Carolina, 
  found 
  

   for 
  the 
  most 
  part 
  by 
  the 
  Geological 
  Surveyors 
  under 
  Prof. 
  Kerr. 
  This 
  genus 
  is 
  Cretaceous, 
  and 
  is 
  probably 
  intrusive 
  

   in 
  Miocene 
  beds. 
  It 
  occurs 
  in 
  fragments 
  in 
  connection 
  with 
  the 
  cretaceous 
  Dinosauria, 
  Hipsibema 
  Cope, 
  and 
  Hadro- 
  

   saurus 
  Leidy, 
  in 
  the 
  few 
  places 
  where 
  they 
  have 
  been 
  found. 
  As 
  the 
  species 
  cannot 
  be 
  well 
  defined, 
  I 
  do 
  not 
  name 
  it. 
  

  

  A 
  large 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  left 
  xiphisternal, 
  with 
  the 
  adjacent 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  hyposternal, 
  the 
  former 
  bearing 
  the 
  anterior 
  

   part 
  of 
  the 
  pubic 
  sutural 
  scar, 
  was 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  marl 
  at 
  James 
  King's. 
  The 
  size 
  and 
  thickness 
  of 
  the 
  parts 
  indicate 
  

   the 
  largest 
  species 
  of 
  the 
  genus, 
  being 
  at 
  least 
  equal 
  to 
  the 
  same 
  parts 
  in 
  P. 
  strenuus. 
  As 
  the 
  pubic 
  suture 
  is 
  not 
  

   preserved 
  in 
  the 
  specimen 
  of 
  P. 
  strenuus, 
  I 
  find 
  the 
  distinction 
  to 
  be 
  only 
  indicated 
  by 
  the 
  structure 
  of 
  the 
  osseous 
  

   tissue. 
  This 
  is 
  very 
  much 
  more 
  dense 
  than 
  in 
  the 
  species 
  found 
  in 
  New 
  Jersey, 
  where 
  it 
  is 
  very 
  spongy 
  and 
  open 
  

   more 
  so 
  than 
  in 
  the 
  other 
  species. 
  The 
  inferior 
  dense 
  layer 
  is 
  thick, 
  but 
  not 
  thicker 
  than 
  in 
  P. 
  strenuus. 
  The 
  infe- 
  

   rior 
  surface 
  is 
  somewhat 
  worn, 
  and 
  does 
  not 
  display 
  marked 
  structure. 
  The 
  pubic 
  scar 
  is 
  elevated, 
  and 
  bears 
  longi- 
  

   tudinal 
  sutural 
  ridges; 
  it 
  presents 
  the 
  usual 
  obliquity 
  inwards 
  and 
  forwards. 
  

  

  Lines 
  . 
  

   Thickness 
  at 
  hyposternal 
  suture, 
  9.5. 
  

  

  Width 
  base 
  pubic 
  scar, 
  18. 
  

  

  TAPHROSPHYS 
  NODOSUS, 
  Cope. 
  

  

  This 
  species 
  is 
  chiefly 
  represented 
  by 
  a 
  number 
  of 
  broken 
  costal 
  and 
  marginal 
  bones, 
  from 
  Hornerstown 
  Mon- 
  

   mouth 
  County, 
  New 
  Jersey. 
  A 
  costal 
  plate 
  with 
  rib-head 
  from 
  Tinton 
  Falls, 
  Monmouth 
  County, 
  is 
  also 
  in 
  the 
  col- 
  

   lection 
  of 
  the 
  New 
  Jersey 
  Geological 
  Survey, 
  and 
  I 
  have 
  found 
  other 
  portions 
  near 
  Barnesboro, 
  Gloucester 
  County. 
  

   It 
  is 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  rarest, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  most 
  strikingly 
  marked, 
  of 
  our 
  extinct 
  Testudinata. 
  

  

  The 
  costal 
  bones 
  are 
  thin 
  for 
  their 
  size, 
  which 
  exceeds 
  that 
  of 
  other 
  species 
  of 
  our 
  extinct 
  Pleurodira 
  except 
  the 
  

   last. 
  The 
  prominent 
  character 
  is 
  seen 
  in 
  the 
  sculpture, 
  which 
  consists 
  of 
  elevated 
  coarse 
  ridges, 
  forming 
  a 
  reti- 
  

   culate 
  pattern, 
  somewhat 
  as 
  in 
  Trionyx, 
  which 
  are 
  frequently 
  broken 
  into 
  tubercles 
  of 
  various 
  shapes, 
  which 
  are 
  

   again 
  confluent 
  in 
  some 
  places, 
  forming 
  shorter 
  or 
  longer 
  ribs. 
  These 
  may 
  be 
  short, 
  curved, 
  or 
  angulate; 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  

   series 
  of 
  short 
  straight 
  ones 
  radiating 
  from 
  the 
  intercostal 
  sutures 
  on 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  costal 
  bones. 
  These 
  projections 
  

   are 
  everywhere 
  in 
  strong 
  relief. 
  Portions 
  of 
  two 
  marginal 
  bones 
  fix 
  the 
  position 
  of 
  the 
  species 
  here, 
  and 
  forbid 
  any 
  

   immediate 
  affinity 
  to 
  the 
  Trionychidae 
  or 
  Chelydrinae, 
  though 
  the 
  resemblance 
  to 
  Peritresius 
  ornatus 
  cannot 
  be 
  over- 
  

   looked. 
  These 
  bones 
  are 
  marked 
  by 
  impressed 
  pits, 
  less 
  marked 
  than 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  costals. 
  They 
  present 
  an 
  obtuse 
  

   angle 
  of 
  faces, 
  inclined 
  at 
  more 
  than 
  90°, 
  showing 
  the 
  bridge 
  to 
  be 
  less 
  angulate 
  than 
  in 
  either 
  P. 
  sulcatus 
  or 
  Taph- 
  

   rosphys 
  molops. 
  On 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  costals 
  traces 
  of 
  the 
  intercostal 
  dermal 
  suture 
  are 
  visible 
  in 
  a 
  continuous 
  o-roove 
  of 
  the 
  

   sculpture. 
  Width 
  of 
  a 
  costal 
  bone 
  2 
  in., 
  9 
  lin. 
  

  

  I 
  am 
  indebted 
  to 
  John 
  Meirs 
  for 
  this 
  specimen, 
  which 
  was 
  found 
  eighteen 
  feet 
  below 
  the 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  chocolate 
  

   marl, 
  which 
  lies 
  below 
  the 
  upper 
  bed 
  of 
  green 
  sand. 
  

  

  Another 
  individual 
  is 
  represented 
  by 
  a 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  plastron 
  taken 
  from 
  the 
  chocolate 
  marl 
  near 
  Barnesboro 
  at 
  

   a 
  locality 
  different 
  from 
  any 
  of 
  the 
  other 
  species. 
  There 
  is 
  not 
  enough 
  preserved 
  to 
  exhibit 
  the 
  ischiadic 
  attaehment- 
  

   it 
  is 
  therefore 
  uncertain 
  to 
  what 
  genus 
  it 
  belongs. 
  It 
  exhibits, 
  however, 
  the 
  peculiar 
  reticulate 
  sculpture 
  of 
  the 
  P. 
  

   princeps, 
  but 
  carried 
  to 
  a 
  higher 
  degree. 
  

  

  It 
  differs 
  in 
  that 
  the 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  bone 
  is 
  tuberculately 
  rugose, 
  the 
  grooves 
  being 
  deep 
  and 
  wide, 
  and 
  leavino- 
  

  

  