﻿188 
  

  

  THE 
  EXTINCT 
  BATgACHIA, 
  REPTILIA 
  

  

  conclyle-meeting 
  facet, 
  leaving 
  none 
  whatever 
  for 
  union 
  with 
  the 
  centrum. 
  I, 
  therefore, 
  

   suppose 
  that 
  in 
  that 
  species 
  these 
  elements 
  were 
  barely 
  in 
  contact. 
  

  

  Fig. 
  49. 
  

  

  The 
  giants 
  of 
  the 
  order 
  belong 
  here, 
  for 
  

   the 
  M. 
  missuriensis, 
  M. 
  maximus, 
  and 
  M. 
  

   giganteus 
  are 
  among 
  the 
  most 
  elongate 
  of 
  

   animals. 
  They 
  are 
  only 
  exceeded 
  by 
  some 
  

   a 
  9 
  of 
  the 
  whales 
  of 
  the 
  present 
  day. 
  Add 
  to 
  

   this 
  their 
  slender 
  proportions, 
  with 
  no 
  doubt, 
  

   powers 
  of 
  swimming 
  in 
  the 
  ocean, 
  running, 
  

   •pringing 
  and 
  climbing 
  on 
  land, 
  and 
  we 
  have 
  

   a 
  combination 
  of 
  characters 
  more 
  formidable 
  

   than 
  those 
  of 
  the^Cimoliasaurus, 
  Elasmosau- 
  

   rus 
  and 
  Crocodiles 
  of 
  that 
  age 
  of 
  great 
  Rep- 
  

   tiles. 
  

  

  The 
  following 
  synopsis 
  presents 
  the 
  char- 
  

   acters 
  of 
  the 
  species 
  in 
  brief: 
  

  

  I. 
  Vertebral 
  centra 
  with 
  subround 
  articular 
  

   faces. 
  

  

  « 
  A 
  short 
  ridge 
  on 
  the 
  outer 
  posterior 
  an- 
  

   gle 
  of 
  the 
  os 
  quadratum. 
  

   [1 
  The 
  anterior 
  caudals 
  with 
  circular 
  articular 
  faces 
  ; 
  

   Quadrate 
  bone 
  with 
  large 
  alar 
  and 
  large 
  proximal 
  external 
  angular 
  articular 
  surface 
  ; 
  

   meatal 
  knob 
  rudimental 
  ; 
  a 
  strong 
  median 
  posterior 
  ridge 
  become 
  a 
  process 
  ; 
  a 
  short, 
  

   strong 
  distal 
  external 
  longitudinal 
  angle; 
  very 
  large 
  teeth; 
  (? 
  17 
  — 
  )18. 
  m. 
  maximus. 
  

  

  Quadrate 
  bone 
  with 
  small 
  alar 
  articular 
  surface 
  and 
  large 
  meatal 
  knob 
  ; 
  external 
  

   proximal 
  angle 
  large; 
  median 
  posterior 
  ridge 
  rudimental; 
  mandibular 
  teeth 
  17: 
  very 
  

   large. 
  m. 
  princeps. 
  

  

  Z 
  5 
  / 
  3 
  The 
  anterior 
  caudal 
  vertebrae 
  with 
  subpentagonal 
  articular 
  faces 
  ; 
  

   Quadrate 
  bone 
  with 
  moderate 
  alar 
  and 
  angular 
  surfaces 
  proximally; 
  knob 
  small, 
  me- 
  

   dian 
  posterior 
  ridge 
  rudimental; 
  distal 
  external 
  longitudinal 
  angle 
  elongate; 
  mandibular 
  

   teeth, 
  fourteen; 
  maxillaries, 
  eleven; 
  pterygoids 
  eight, 
  moderate; 
  large, 
  m. 
  giganteus. 
  

  

  Quadrate 
  bone 
  with 
  small 
  alar 
  and 
  large 
  external 
  angular 
  proximal 
  articular 
  surface 
  ; 
  

   meatal 
  knob 
  large, 
  median 
  posterior 
  ridge 
  rudimental; 
  exterior 
  distal 
  longitudinal 
  angle 
  

   a 
  raised 
  acute 
  ridge 
  ; 
  no 
  external 
  alar 
  ridges 
  ; 
  premaxillary 
  teeth, 
  four 
  ; 
  pterygoids 
  sub- 
  

   equal, 
  less 
  than 
  half 
  as 
  large 
  as 
  mandibulars 
  ; 
  large. 
  M. 
  dekayi. 
  

   "■"■ 
  An 
  elongate 
  ridge 
  on 
  the 
  outer 
  posterior 
  angle 
  of 
  the 
  os 
  quadratum 
  ; 
  

   Quadrate 
  bone 
  with 
  small 
  alar 
  and 
  small 
  external 
  angular 
  proximal 
  articular 
  Face; 
  

  

  1. 
  Mosasaurus 
  maximus, 
  Cope. 
  

  

  2. 
  " 
  dekayi, 
  Bronn. 
  

  

  4. 
  Liodon 
  validus, 
  Cope. 
  

  

  5. 
  Clidastes 
  propython, 
  Cope. 
  

  

  One-third 
  natural 
  size, 
  except 
  fig. 
  4 
  one-fourth 
  (?) 
  

   and 
  5, 
  one-half, 
  a, 
  anterior 
  articular 
  surface 
  for 
  occip 
  

   condyle; 
  b, 
  neural 
  arch; 
  c, 
  articular 
  face 
  for 
  centrum. 
  

  

  