﻿AND 
  AVES 
  OF 
  NORTH 
  AMERICA. 
  235 
  

  

  This 
  species, 
  the 
  largest 
  of 
  the 
  genus, 
  is 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  upper 
  green 
  sand 
  bed 
  of 
  the 
  upper 
  Cretaceous 
  of 
  New 
  Jer- 
  

   sey. 
  The 
  specimen 
  from 
  which 
  the 
  above 
  description 
  was 
  taken, 
  was 
  found 
  by 
  my 
  friend 
  I. 
  C. 
  Voorhees. 
  

  

  Puppigerus, 
  Cope. 
  

  

  Genus 
  novum 
  Gheloniidarum. 
  

  

  Xiphisternal 
  bones 
  united 
  throughout 
  their 
  length 
  with 
  each 
  other 
  by 
  suture; 
  otherwise 
  as 
  in 
  Chelone. 
  

  

  This 
  genus 
  embraces 
  the 
  Eocene 
  marine 
  turtles 
  of 
  the 
  London 
  clay, 
  and 
  a 
  Miocene 
  species 
  of 
  North 
  America. 
  The 
  

   difference 
  in 
  the 
  structure 
  of 
  the 
  xiphisternals 
  is 
  very 
  material, 
  especially 
  in 
  view 
  of 
  its 
  significant 
  relationships 
  to 
  the 
  

   same 
  portion 
  in 
  various 
  other 
  genera 
  of 
  marine 
  turtles. 
  

  

  The 
  Chelone 
  grandsevus, 
  Leidy, 
  from 
  the 
  Miocene 
  of 
  Shiloh, 
  N. 
  Jersey, 
  belongs 
  to 
  it. 
  Portions 
  of 
  the 
  sternum 
  

   display 
  a 
  higher 
  degree 
  of 
  ossification 
  than 
  in 
  Chelone, 
  the 
  hyo- 
  and 
  hyposternal 
  having 
  a 
  very 
  extensive 
  union, 
  greatly 
  

   restricting 
  the 
  median 
  and 
  lateral 
  fontanelles. 
  This 
  character 
  in 
  the 
  Eocene 
  forms 
  is 
  coincident 
  with 
  the 
  extensive 
  

   union 
  of 
  xiphisternals, 
  and 
  I 
  do 
  not 
  doubt 
  but 
  that 
  that 
  character 
  belongs 
  to 
  the 
  C. 
  grandaevus 
  also. 
  The 
  species 
  of 
  

   the 
  genus 
  will 
  be: 
  

   Puppigerus 
  grandsevus, 
  Leidy, 
  Miocene 
  N. 
  Jersey. 
  Puppigerus 
  subcristatus, 
  Ow. 
  & 
  BelL 
  Eocene 
  England. 
  

  

  " 
  longiceps, 
  Ow. 
  & 
  Bell, 
  Eocene 
  England. 
  " 
  subcarinatus, 
  " 
  " 
  " 
  

  

  " 
  breviceps, 
  " 
  " 
  " 
  " 
  crassicostatus, 
  " 
  " 
  " 
  

  

  " 
  convexus, 
  " 
  " 
  " 
  " 
  ? 
  parviscutum, 
  Cope, 
  " 
  N. 
  Jersey. 
  

  

  " 
  latiscutatus, 
  " 
  " 
  " 
  

  

  Osteopygis, 
  Cope. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  cut 
  of 
  a 
  restoration 
  of 
  this 
  genus 
  on 
  page 
  133, 
  ten 
  costal 
  bones 
  are 
  represented; 
  this 
  is 
  an 
  error, 
  as 
  the 
  true 
  

   number 
  is 
  nine, 
  the 
  last 
  marginal 
  bone 
  not 
  having 
  any 
  costal 
  bone 
  corresponding 
  to 
  it, 
  as 
  in 
  most 
  other 
  genera, 
  but 
  

   being 
  united, 
  like 
  the 
  pygal 
  or 
  median, 
  with 
  the 
  large 
  last 
  vertebral 
  bone. 
  Therefore, 
  the 
  suture 
  appearing 
  to 
  bound 
  

   such 
  a 
  costal 
  posteriorly 
  must 
  be 
  erased 
  from 
  the 
  cut, 
  though 
  it 
  may 
  have 
  existed 
  in 
  a 
  fcetal 
  condition 
  of 
  the 
  genus. 
  

   The 
  posterior 
  small 
  vertebral 
  must 
  also 
  be 
  erased. 
  The 
  line 
  dividing 
  the 
  large 
  median 
  bone 
  transversely, 
  represents 
  

   what 
  may 
  be 
  a 
  coossified 
  suture 
  on 
  the 
  specimen, 
  but 
  may 
  not 
  be 
  such. 
  

  

  In 
  this 
  genus 
  the 
  penultimate 
  marginal 
  on 
  each 
  side 
  is 
  known, 
  and 
  exhibits 
  a 
  costal 
  articulation. 
  This 
  marginal 
  

   is 
  the 
  one 
  omitted 
  from 
  such 
  connection 
  in 
  the 
  Cheloniidse, 
  Emydidse, 
  etc. 
  The 
  additional 
  costal 
  in 
  this 
  genus 
  (eight 
  being 
  

   the 
  number 
  in 
  the 
  order 
  generally) 
  is 
  the 
  anterior, 
  which 
  is 
  articulated 
  to 
  the 
  second 
  instead 
  of 
  the 
  third 
  marginal. 
  

  

  The 
  figure 
  (39) 
  of 
  the 
  restoration 
  of 
  the 
  carapace 
  of 
  Propleura 
  correctly 
  represents 
  ten 
  costal 
  bones, 
  as 
  I 
  deter- 
  

   mine 
  by 
  a 
  reexamination 
  of 
  the 
  typical 
  specimen 
  described 
  in 
  the 
  text. 
  This 
  genus 
  and 
  the 
  last 
  I 
  propose 
  to 
  regard 
  

   as 
  representing 
  a 
  peculiar 
  family 
  of 
  the 
  Amydae 
  or 
  Cryptodira, 
  to 
  be 
  called 
  the 
  Propleuridje. 
  I 
  suspect 
  that 
  Cata- 
  

   pleura 
  will 
  also 
  enter 
  it, 
  but 
  whether 
  it 
  has 
  ten 
  ribs 
  or 
  nine 
  I 
  cannot 
  tell. 
  It 
  probably 
  possesses 
  the 
  extra 
  posterior 
  of 
  

   Propleura, 
  but 
  whether 
  the 
  tenth 
  or 
  anterior 
  is 
  uncertain, 
  as 
  it 
  lacks 
  the 
  pit 
  of 
  the 
  marginal 
  bone. 
  As 
  regards 
  Lyto- 
  

   lorn 
  a, 
  I 
  can 
  at 
  present 
  give 
  no 
  opinion. 
  

  

  In 
  addition 
  to 
  the 
  characters 
  derived 
  from 
  the 
  carapace, 
  those 
  already 
  adduced 
  (p. 
  131) 
  as 
  distinguishing 
  this 
  

   family 
  from 
  the 
  Cheloniidse, 
  may 
  be 
  added. 
  These 
  are: 
  the 
  humerus 
  with 
  two 
  proximal 
  crests 
  at 
  right 
  angles 
  to 
  each 
  

   other, 
  diverging 
  from 
  the 
  extremities 
  of 
  the 
  condyles; 
  shaft 
  flattened, 
  slightly 
  curved. 
  Femur 
  with 
  similar 
  trochan- 
  

   teric 
  crests 
  largely 
  developed; 
  shank 
  very 
  slender, 
  gently 
  curved, 
  extremity 
  dilated. 
  Form 
  exactly 
  as 
  in 
  Chelydra. 
  

  

  The 
  peculiar 
  relationships 
  of 
  this 
  group 
  were 
  first 
  pointed 
  out 
  by 
  the 
  writer, 
  in 
  Proceed. 
  Acad. 
  Nat. 
  ScL, 
  1868, 
  

   235; 
  and 
  Proceed. 
  Amer. 
  Phil. 
  Soc, 
  1869, 
  16. 
  

  

  • 
  PYTHOSfOMORPHA. 
  

  

  3fosasaurus, 
  Conyb. 
  

   Mosasaurus 
  dekayi, 
  Bronn. 
  

  

  A 
  fine 
  specimen 
  of 
  this 
  species 
  was 
  recently 
  exhumed 
  near 
  Mullica 
  Hill, 
  N. 
  Jersey, 
  and 
  submitted 
  to 
  me 
  for 
  ex- 
  

   amination 
  by 
  the 
  owners. 
  The 
  muzzle 
  is 
  like 
  that 
  figured 
  in 
  profile 
  by 
  Leidy, 
  in 
  Cretaceous 
  Kept. 
  N. 
  America, 
  PI. 
  

   XIX, 
  fig. 
  6; 
  and 
  the 
  quadrate, 
  pterygoids, 
  atlas 
  and 
  suspensorium 
  as 
  described 
  by 
  me 
  in 
  the 
  present 
  work, 
  and 
  in 
  

   Proc. 
  Boston 
  Soc. 
  N. 
  History, 
  1869. 
  The 
  teeth 
  are 
  very 
  large, 
  with 
  marked 
  cutting 
  edges 
  and 
  facets. 
  Vertebra; 
  not 
  

   observed. 
  

  

  Prof. 
  Marsh 
  informs 
  me 
  that 
  the 
  most 
  anterior 
  caudals 
  of 
  M. 
  princeps 
  are 
  sub-pentagonal. 
  

  

  