﻿2 
  -tO 
  THE 
  EXTINCT 
  BATRACHIA, 
  REPTILIA 
  

  

  Curassow. 
  It 
  is 
  stouter 
  than 
  in 
  the 
  latter; 
  the 
  glenoid 
  cavity 
  or 
  surface 
  is 
  longer 
  than 
  in 
  the 
  latter, 
  entering 
  4.5 
  times 
  

   the 
  length; 
  in 
  the 
  turkey 
  the 
  same; 
  in 
  Crax 
  alector 
  5.5 
  times. 
  The 
  inner 
  ridge 
  to 
  which 
  the 
  ligamentous 
  sheet 
  from 
  

   the 
  clavicle 
  is 
  attached, 
  is 
  strong 
  as 
  in 
  the 
  turkey; 
  the 
  external 
  ridge 
  is 
  also 
  well 
  marked, 
  and 
  the 
  scapular 
  surface 
  is 
  

   more 
  prominent 
  posteriorly 
  than 
  in 
  the 
  Crax 
  alector. 
  The 
  posterior 
  face 
  is 
  flatter 
  and 
  wider 
  than 
  in 
  the 
  latter, 
  and 
  

  

  with 
  several 
  small 
  ridges. 
  The 
  distal 
  articular 
  extremity 
  is 
  gone. 
  The 
  size 
  of 
  the 
  pneumatic 
  foramen 
  is 
  intermediate 
  

   between 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  turkey 
  and 
  Curassow. 
  

  

  Measurements. 
  M. 
  

  

  Length 
  of 
  tibia, 
  0.245 
  

  

  " 
  " 
  anterior 
  crest, 
  0.032 
  

  

  " 
  " 
  fibular 
  ridge, 
  0.051 
  

  

  Diameter 
  of 
  head, 
  antero-posterior, 
  0.039 
  

  

  " 
  " 
  transverse, 
  with 
  ext. 
  crest, 
  0.045 
  

  

  " 
  " 
  " 
  without 
  do., 
  0.03 
  

  

  " 
  " 
  shortest 
  (diagonal), 
  0.0245 
  

  

  " 
  of 
  condyles, 
  transverse, 
  0.017 
  

  

  " 
  " 
  " 
  antero-posterior 
  (outer), 
  0.0173 
  

  

  " 
  " 
  shaft, 
  transverse 
  (at 
  middle), 
  0.0125 
  

  

  " 
  " 
  " 
  shorter 
  " 
  0.0105 
  

  

  Length 
  femur, 
  actual, 
  0.116 
  

  

  " 
  " 
  restored, 
  0.146 
  

  

  Diameter 
  of 
  shaft 
  below 
  neck 
  (transverse), 
  ■ 
  0.022 
  

  

  " 
  " 
  " 
  at 
  middle 
  " 
  0.0135 
  

  

  Length 
  coracoid, 
  actual, 
  0.112 
  

  

  " 
  " 
  restored, 
  0.115 
  

  

  " 
  head 
  from 
  glenoid 
  surface, 
  0.021 
  

  

  Diameter, 
  transverse, 
  at 
  middle, 
  0.013 
  

  

  " 
  " 
  " 
  end 
  foramen, 
  0.022 
  

  

  " 
  antero-posterior, 
  at 
  middle, 
  0.012 
  

  

  In 
  recapitulation 
  it 
  may 
  be 
  noted, 
  that 
  the 
  characters 
  in 
  which 
  this 
  species 
  differs 
  

   from 
  the 
  common 
  turkey 
  are, 
  the 
  longer 
  tibia 
  and 
  femur, 
  the 
  greater 
  slenderness 
  of 
  the 
  

   same, 
  and 
  the 
  larger 
  pneumatic 
  foramen 
  of 
  the 
  coracoid 
  bone. 
  

  

  The 
  specimens 
  on 
  which 
  it 
  is 
  based 
  were 
  discovered 
  some 
  three 
  or 
  four 
  feet 
  in 
  the 
  Cretaceous 
  marl 
  of 
  the 
  lower 
  

   bed, 
  by 
  my 
  friend, 
  Dr. 
  C. 
  C. 
  Thompson. 
  Their 
  mineral 
  condition 
  indicates, 
  however, 
  very 
  plainly, 
  that 
  they 
  are 
  not 
  

   Cretaceous 
  fossils, 
  but 
  tertiary, 
  and 
  I 
  have 
  no 
  doubt 
  they 
  were 
  either 
  dragged 
  into 
  a 
  burrow 
  which 
  entered 
  the 
  Cre- 
  

   taceous 
  bed, 
  which 
  is 
  in 
  the 
  locality 
  in 
  question 
  near 
  the 
  surface, 
  by 
  a 
  carnivorous 
  animal, 
  or 
  really 
  fell 
  into 
  a 
  cavity 
  

   from 
  the 
  thin 
  layer 
  of 
  Tertiary, 
  probably 
  postpliocene, 
  sand 
  which 
  lies 
  immediately 
  above 
  it. 
  The 
  remains 
  were 
  ac- 
  

   companied 
  by 
  those 
  of 
  a 
  Mammal, 
  which 
  Dr. 
  Thompson 
  assured 
  me 
  he 
  took 
  out 
  with 
  them. 
  

  

  Postpliocene 
  of 
  Monmouth 
  Co 
  ., 
  New 
  Jersey. 
  

  

  ON 
  FOOT 
  IMPRESSIONS 
  OF 
  EXTINCT 
  BATRACHIA 
  AND 
  REPTILIA. 
  

  

  As 
  is 
  well 
  known, 
  those 
  species 
  pertaining 
  to 
  the 
  classes 
  treated 
  of 
  in 
  the 
  preceding 
  essay, 
  which 
  lived 
  in 
  or 
  near 
  

   water, 
  have 
  left 
  impressions 
  of 
  their 
  feet 
  on 
  the 
  ancient 
  mud-flats, 
  and 
  lake 
  and 
  ocean 
  shores. 
  Commencing 
  with 
  those 
  

   which 
  have 
  been 
  discovered 
  in 
  the 
  lowest 
  rocks, 
  we 
  have 
  three 
  species 
  from 
  the 
  Carboniferous 
  formation. 
  The 
  oldest 
  

   is 
  represented 
  by 
  two 
  series 
  of 
  impresions, 
  obtained 
  at 
  different 
  times, 
  in 
  the 
  red 
  shales 
  which 
  pertain 
  to 
  the 
  upper 
  

   division 
  of 
  the 
  subcarboniferous 
  (Lesley), 
  at 
  a 
  point 
  seven 
  hundred 
  feet 
  below 
  its 
  upper 
  surface. 
  The 
  next 
  in 
  order. 
  

   is 
  indicated 
  by 
  a 
  few 
  tracks 
  from 
  the 
  shales 
  of 
  the 
  coal 
  measures, 
  from 
  a 
  point 
  300 
  feet 
  above 
  the 
  conglomerate 
  (Gabb). 
  

   and 
  therefore, 
  6450 
  feet 
  from 
  the 
  top 
  of 
  the 
  coal 
  measures. 
  The 
  latest 
  of 
  these 
  tracks, 
  which 
  were 
  found 
  still 
  higher, 
  

   came 
  from 
  a 
  point 
  800 
  feet 
  below 
  the 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  coal. 
  

  

  