﻿AND 
  AVES 
  OF 
  NORTH 
  AMERICA. 
  251 
  

  

  EXPLANATION 
  OF 
  AVOOD 
  CUTS. 
  

  

  Fig. 
  1, 
  p. 
  12. 
  — 
  Cranium 
  of 
  Dendrerpelon 
  obtusum, 
  Cope, 
  natural 
  size; 
  from 
  Prof. 
  Newberry's 
  collection. 
  

  

  Fig. 
  2, 
  p. 
  19. 
  — 
  Oestocephalus 
  remex, 
  Cope, 
  caudal 
  vertebrae, 
  natural 
  size; 
  from 
  Prof. 
  Newberry's 
  coll. 
  

  

  Fig. 
  3, 
  p. 
  31. 
  — 
  Nothosaurus 
  probably 
  andriani, 
  Miinst., 
  from 
  above; 
  fig. 
  4, 
  same 
  from 
  below; 
  much 
  reduced; 
  

  

  from 
  the 
  German 
  Trias. 
  

   Fig. 
  5, 
  p. 
  32. 
  — 
  Mecistops 
  intermedium, 
  Graves, 
  one-eighth 
  natural 
  size, 
  profile; 
  fig. 
  6, 
  same, 
  from 
  above; 
  Qu 
  = 
  quadrate 
  

  

  bone. 
  From 
  Mus. 
  Academy 
  Nat. 
  Sciences; 
  supposed 
  to 
  be 
  from 
  the 
  Orinoco. 
  

   Fig. 
  7, 
  p. 
  41. 
  — 
  Femur 
  of 
  Cimoliasaurus 
  magnus, 
  from 
  New 
  Jersey, 
  about 
  one-fourth 
  natural 
  size; 
  fig. 
  8, 
  same, 
  distal 
  

  

  extremity. 
  Fig. 
  9, 
  posterior 
  dorsal 
  vertebra 
  of 
  Cimoliasaurus 
  magnus, 
  same 
  individual 
  as 
  the 
  last. 
  

   Fig. 
  10. 
  — 
  Posterior 
  dorsal 
  Elasrnosaurus 
  platyurus, 
  a 
  little 
  less 
  than 
  one-fourth 
  the 
  natural 
  size. 
  

  

  Fig. 
  11. 
  — 
  Elasrnosaurus 
  platyurus, 
  scapular 
  arch 
  inferior 
  elements, 
  restored; 
  the 
  portions 
  not 
  preserved, 
  shaded. 
  One- 
  

   sixth 
  natural 
  size. 
  

   Fig. 
  12. 
  — 
  Pelvic 
  arch, 
  inferior 
  elements 
  of 
  the 
  same, 
  one-sixth 
  natural 
  size; 
  the 
  shaded 
  portions 
  restored. 
  

   Fig. 
  13. 
  — 
  The 
  ilium 
  of 
  the 
  same, 
  lateral 
  view; 
  fig. 
  14, 
  distal 
  extremity 
  of 
  the 
  same. 
  

   Fig. 
  15. 
  — 
  Cervical 
  and 
  anterior 
  dorsal 
  vertebrae 
  of 
  Cimoliasaurus 
  magnus, 
  (Mus. 
  Academy 
  Nat. 
  Sciences) 
  compared 
  

  

  with, 
  

   Fig. 
  16, 
  — 
  Posterior 
  cervical 
  and 
  anterior 
  dorsal 
  vertebrae 
  of 
  Elasrnosaurus 
  platyurus; 
  the 
  transverse 
  processes 
  of 
  the 
  

  

  former 
  incurved 
  by 
  pressure. 
  

   Fig. 
  16 
  A, 
  p. 
  64. 
  — 
  Section 
  near 
  apex 
  of 
  crown 
  of 
  tooth 
  of 
  Thecacliampsa 
  antiquu, 
  Leidy; 
  B, 
  do. 
  of 
  Thecachampsa 
  sicaria, 
  

  

  Cope. 
  

   Fig. 
  18, 
  p. 
  73. 
  — 
  Outlines 
  of 
  the 
  cups 
  of 
  the 
  fourth 
  dorsal 
  vertebrae 
  of 
  Holops 
  cordatus 
  and 
  H. 
  obscums; 
  the 
  external 
  

  

  unshaded 
  representing 
  the 
  former, 
  the 
  internal 
  shaded, 
  the 
  latter. 
  

   Figs. 
  19-20, 
  p. 
  77. 
  — 
  Inferior 
  and 
  lateral 
  views 
  of 
  a 
  muzzle 
  of 
  Holops 
  basitruncatus, 
  Owen, 
  (See 
  Appendix 
  to 
  Reptilia) 
  

  

  one-third 
  natural 
  size. 
  

   Figs. 
  21-4, 
  p. 
  83. 
  — 
  Perosuchus 
  fuscus, 
  Cope, 
  living 
  sp. 
  from 
  Darien; 
  fig. 
  21 
  profile, 
  22 
  superior 
  face 
  of 
  the 
  cranium; 
  

  

  the 
  acute 
  processes 
  near 
  the 
  left 
  canine 
  tooth 
  are 
  an 
  error 
  of 
  the 
  artist; 
  23 
  the 
  fore, 
  and 
  24 
  the 
  hind 
  foot. 
  

   Figs. 
  25-6, 
  p. 
  85. 
  — 
  Lateral 
  and 
  superior 
  views 
  of 
  the 
  cranium 
  of 
  Osteolaemus 
  tretraspes, 
  Cope, 
  recent 
  species 
  from 
  

  

  West 
  Africa. 
  

   Fig. 
  27, 
  p. 
  92. 
  — 
  Proximal 
  portion 
  of 
  scapula 
  of 
  Hadrosaurus 
  foulkei, 
  from 
  New 
  Jersey; 
  upper 
  right 
  hand 
  figure, 
  the 
  

  

  extremity 
  with 
  glenoid 
  cavity; 
  lower 
  figure, 
  interior 
  view. 
  

   Fig. 
  28, 
  p. 
  93. 
  — 
  The 
  unidentified 
  bone, 
  from 
  Monmouth 
  Co., 
  New 
  Jersey. 
  

   Fig. 
  29, 
  p. 
  95. 
  — 
  Restoration 
  of 
  pelvis 
  of 
  Hadrosaurus 
  foulkei, 
  dotted 
  portions 
  wanting; 
  a, 
  posterior 
  or 
  acetabular 
  view 
  

  

  of 
  proximal 
  end 
  of 
  pubis. 
  One-tenth 
  natural 
  size; 
  b, 
  inner 
  view 
  of 
  ischium 
  of 
  Clepsysaurus 
  pennsylcanicus, 
  Lea, 
  

  

  one-third 
  natural 
  size; 
  from 
  the 
  types 
  in 
  Mus. 
  Philada. 
  Acad. 
  Nat. 
  Sci. 
  

   Fig. 
  30, 
  p. 
  103. 
  — 
  Caudal 
  vertebrae 
  of 
  Laelaps 
  aquilunguis, 
  one-eighth 
  natural 
  size; 
  shaded 
  portions 
  wanting 
  in 
  original; 
  

  

  neural 
  spines 
  not 
  completed. 
  

   Figs. 
  31 
  to 
  34, 
  pages 
  118-119. 
  — 
  Laelaps 
  macropus, 
  hind 
  limb; 
  31, 
  proximal 
  extremity 
  of 
  tibia; 
  32, 
  proximal 
  portion 
  of 
  

  

  metatarsal; 
  32a, 
  proximal 
  extremity 
  of 
  same, 
  natural 
  size; 
  33, 
  distal 
  portion 
  of 
  external 
  metatarsus, 
  postero- 
  

   external 
  view; 
  34, 
  antero-external 
  view 
  of 
  same. 
  

   Fio-s. 
  35-7, 
  p. 
  122. 
  — 
  Ornithotarsus 
  immanis, 
  Cope, 
  extremities 
  of 
  tibia 
  and 
  fibula; 
  35 
  from 
  anterior, 
  36 
  from 
  posterior, 
  

  

  37 
  from 
  extremital 
  view: 
  in 
  all 
  of 
  these 
  the 
  suture 
  defining 
  the 
  astragalo-calcaneum 
  is 
  too 
  distinct; 
  36a, 
  fractured 
  

  

  extremity, 
  showing 
  medullary 
  cavity 
  with 
  canceUi. 
  

   Fi°\ 
  38, 
  p. 
  133. 
  — 
  Restoration 
  of 
  carapace 
  of 
  Osteopygis 
  platylomus: 
  the 
  last 
  costal 
  suture 
  on 
  each 
  side, 
  and 
  the 
  last 
  

  

  small 
  vertebral 
  bone 
  sutures 
  should 
  be 
  erased, 
  as 
  they 
  are 
  not 
  visible 
  in 
  the 
  mature 
  specimen. 
  See 
  Appendix 
  to 
  

  

  Reptilia. 
  The 
  anterior 
  vertebral 
  bone 
  also, 
  is 
  not 
  known. 
  One-sixth 
  natural 
  size. 
  

   Fig. 
  39, 
  p. 
  134- 
  — 
  Osteopygis 
  platylomus 
  plastron, 
  restored; 
  shaded 
  portions 
  not 
  found. 
  

   Fig. 
  39, 
  p. 
  139- 
  — 
  Propleura 
  sopita, 
  carapace 
  restored, 
  one-sixth 
  natural 
  size. 
  First 
  vertebral 
  not 
  known. 
  

   Fig. 
  40, 
  p. 
  154. 
  — 
  Proximal 
  extremity 
  of 
  humerus 
  of 
  Puppigerus 
  grandacvus. 
  

  

  