﻿4 
  SUPPLEMENT 
  TO 
  THE 
  EXTINCT 
  BATRACHIA 
  

  

  wards 
  beneath 
  the 
  (?) 
  post-frontal. 
  These 
  look 
  like 
  an 
  anteriorly 
  directed 
  quadrate 
  with 
  articular 
  hone, 
  such 
  as 
  are 
  

   seen 
  in 
  larvae 
  and 
  some 
  adults 
  of 
  existing 
  batrachians. 
  These 
  determinations 
  will 
  require 
  confirmation 
  from 
  addi- 
  

   tional 
  material. 
  In 
  the 
  meanwhile 
  it 
  is 
  evident 
  that 
  the 
  present 
  specimen 
  cannot 
  he 
  referred 
  to 
  any 
  of 
  the 
  species 
  

   herein 
  described. 
  

  

  Measurements. 
  M. 
  

  

  Total 
  length 
  of 
  specimen, 
  0-0650 
  

  

  " 
  " 
  a 
  rib, 
  .0050 
  

  

  " 
  " 
  parietal 
  and 
  post-frontal 
  bones, 
  .0085 
  

  

  Width 
  of 
  head 
  at 
  (?) 
  quadrate, 
  .0080 
  

  

  Length 
  of 
  a 
  vertebra, 
  .0020 
  

  

  Depth 
  " 
  " 
  .0025 
  

  

  This 
  animal 
  is 
  dedicated 
  to 
  Chas. 
  M. 
  Wheatley, 
  A. 
  M., 
  of 
  Phcenixville, 
  Pennsylvania, 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  origiual 
  in- 
  

   vestigators 
  of 
  the 
  deposit 
  in 
  which 
  it 
  occurs. 
  

  

  PTYONIUS, 
  Cope. 
  

  

  Genus 
  novum. 
  Sauropleura 
  part. 
  Cope, 
  Proceed. 
  Acad. 
  Nat. 
  Sci., 
  Philadelphia, 
  1868, 
  217. 
  O'estocephalus 
  

   part. 
  Cope, 
  Transac. 
  Amer. 
  Philos. 
  Soc, 
  XIV, 
  p. 
  20. 
  

  

  Form 
  elongate, 
  with 
  long 
  tail 
  and 
  lanceolate 
  cranium. 
  Limbs 
  weak, 
  a 
  posterior 
  

   pair 
  only 
  discovered. 
  Three 
  pectoral 
  shields 
  present 
  ; 
  abdomen 
  protected 
  by 
  packed 
  

   osseous 
  rods 
  which 
  are 
  arranged 
  en 
  chevron, 
  the 
  angle 
  directed 
  forwards. 
  Neural 
  and 
  

   haemal 
  spines 
  of 
  caudal 
  vertebrae 
  expanded 
  and 
  fan-like. 
  Ribs 
  well 
  developed. 
  

  

  This 
  genus 
  is 
  the 
  most 
  abundantly 
  represented 
  by 
  species 
  and 
  individuals, 
  among 
  

   those 
  found 
  at 
  Linton. 
  These 
  are 
  almost 
  snake-like 
  in 
  their 
  proportions, 
  and 
  vary 
  in 
  

   length 
  from 
  three 
  to 
  ten 
  inches. 
  The 
  muzzles 
  of 
  the 
  known 
  species 
  are 
  acuminate, 
  

   and 
  the 
  upper 
  surfaces 
  of 
  the 
  cranium 
  in 
  the 
  three 
  species, 
  where 
  it 
  is 
  preserved, 
  are 
  

   sculptured 
  by 
  rather 
  distant 
  crests 
  and 
  tubercles. 
  Hie 
  squamosal 
  is 
  evidently 
  more 
  

   expanded 
  than 
  in 
  recent 
  Batrachia 
  either 
  of 
  the 
  tailless 
  or 
  tailed 
  orders. 
  In 
  P. 
  pecti- 
  

   natus 
  and 
  P. 
  vincliellianus 
  it 
  is 
  a 
  broad 
  plate 
  concealing 
  the 
  quadrate, 
  and 
  apparently 
  

   readily 
  separated 
  from 
  it, 
  as 
  it 
  is 
  loose 
  in 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  specimens. 
  This 
  is 
  an 
  inter- 
  

   esting 
  point, 
  as 
  the 
  homology 
  of 
  the 
  squamosal 
  with 
  the 
  preoperculum 
  of 
  the 
  fishes 
  

   has 
  been 
  proposed 
  by 
  Parker 
  and 
  the 
  writer,* 
  and 
  the 
  view 
  is 
  confirmed 
  by 
  the 
  re- 
  

   semblance 
  of 
  the 
  former 
  to 
  an 
  operculum 
  in 
  these 
  the 
  most 
  fish-like 
  of 
  the 
  Batrachia. 
  

   The 
  teeth 
  are 
  numerous, 
  small, 
  and 
  some 
  of 
  them 
  apparently 
  simple 
  ; 
  others 
  appear 
  

   to 
  be 
  grooved. 
  In 
  a 
  cranium 
  (No. 
  140) 
  perhaps 
  of 
  P. 
  pectinaius, 
  they 
  extend 
  to 
  the 
  

   tip 
  of 
  the 
  slender 
  jaws, 
  are 
  rather 
  stout, 
  acute, 
  and 
  evidently 
  marked 
  with 
  a 
  few 
  

   strong 
  grooves 
  on 
  the 
  shank. 
  The 
  form 
  of 
  the 
  head 
  is 
  a 
  curious 
  miniature 
  of 
  

   Ichthyosaurus. 
  

  

  Remains 
  of 
  limbs 
  have 
  only 
  been 
  observed 
  in 
  the 
  position 
  of 
  the 
  posterior 
  pair, 
  

   and 
  that 
  in 
  several 
  individuals. 
  

  

  v 
  *See 
  Proceed. 
  Amer. 
  Asso. 
  Adv. 
  Sci., 
  Vol. 
  XIV., 
  p. 
  222. 
  

  

  