﻿18 
  SUPPLEMENT 
  TO 
  THE 
  EXTINCT 
  BATPACII1A, 
  ETC 
  

  

  Protonopsis. 
  It 
  differs 
  from 
  both 
  these 
  genera 
  in 
  the 
  absence 
  of 
  teeth 
  from 
  this 
  bone 
  

   as 
  well 
  as 
  its 
  apparently 
  small 
  development. 
  This 
  may 
  indicate 
  that 
  the 
  animal 
  was 
  

   not 
  fully 
  grown. 
  In 
  the 
  hyoid 
  region 
  it 
  differs 
  from 
  these 
  in 
  the 
  apparent 
  absence 
  of 
  

   the 
  second 
  axial 
  hyal, 
  and 
  in 
  points 
  of 
  the 
  haemal 
  segments. 
  Thus 
  the 
  second 
  is 
  con- 
  

   fluent 
  either 
  with 
  the 
  1st 
  or 
  2d 
  pleural 
  element 
  in 
  those 
  genera, 
  and 
  the 
  third 
  haemal 
  

   element 
  is 
  much 
  reduced 
  and 
  does 
  not 
  support 
  the 
  fourth 
  pleural 
  in 
  either. 
  

  

  The 
  present 
  genus 
  is 
  then 
  to 
  be 
  referred 
  to 
  the 
  neighborhood 
  of 
  AmpMuma 
  and 
  

   Protonopsis, 
  but 
  as 
  forming 
  the 
  type 
  of 
  another 
  family. 
  The 
  branchial 
  apparatus 
  is 
  

   more 
  fish-like 
  than 
  in 
  either 
  of 
  these, 
  in 
  (1) 
  the 
  three 
  distinct 
  and 
  well 
  developed 
  

   haemal 
  branchihyals, 
  (2) 
  the 
  four 
  distinct 
  pleural 
  elements 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  ; 
  (3) 
  the 
  

   distinct 
  ? 
  stylohyal. 
  

  

  Its 
  weak 
  maxillaries 
  have 
  a 
  larval 
  aspect, 
  but 
  the 
  ossification 
  of 
  all 
  the 
  bones 
  and 
  

   the 
  small 
  size 
  of 
  the 
  pleural 
  branchihyals 
  as 
  compared 
  with 
  the 
  rest 
  of 
  the 
  cranium, 
  

   render 
  it 
  probable 
  that 
  the 
  form 
  is 
  no 
  more 
  larval 
  than 
  the 
  genera 
  to 
  whose 
  neighbor- 
  

   hood 
  it 
  is 
  referred. 
  That 
  it 
  passed 
  a 
  portion 
  of 
  its 
  existence 
  as 
  an 
  aquatic 
  branchi- 
  

   ferous 
  animal 
  is 
  no 
  less 
  certain. 
  

  

  COCYTINUS 
  GYRINOIDES, 
  Cope, 
  Sp. 
  Nov. 
  

  

  The 
  only 
  specimen 
  of 
  this 
  batrachian, 
  embraces 
  the 
  inferior 
  bones 
  of 
  the 
  cranium 
  in 
  a 
  complete 
  state 
  of 
  

   preservation, 
  with 
  the 
  muzzle 
  with 
  its 
  teeth 
  ; 
  also 
  the 
  anterior 
  eight 
  vertebrae 
  with 
  their 
  ribs. 
  The 
  condition 
  of 
  the 
  

   hyal 
  elements 
  is 
  as 
  follows: 
  The 
  hsemal 
  element 
  of 
  the 
  first 
  branchial 
  arch 
  is 
  partially 
  concealed 
  on 
  both 
  sides 
  by 
  

   the 
  ceratohyal. 
  An 
  expanded 
  truncate 
  face 
  of 
  attachment 
  to 
  the 
  axial 
  element 
  is 
  visible 
  on 
  both 
  sides, 
  but 
  the 
  

   body 
  of 
  the 
  bone 
  is 
  flat, 
  and 
  presents 
  the 
  edge 
  in 
  the 
  specimen. 
  The 
  first 
  pleural 
  element 
  proceeded 
  from 
  just 
  behind 
  

   and 
  within 
  its 
  extremity 
  ; 
  it 
  is 
  longer 
  than 
  the 
  other 
  pleural 
  elements. 
  A 
  slender 
  bone, 
  is 
  visible 
  extending 
  from 
  the 
  

   space 
  between 
  the 
  ceratohyal 
  and 
  mandibular 
  angle 
  ; 
  it 
  may 
  therefore 
  pertain 
  to 
  the 
  suspensiorium 
  of 
  the 
  jaw 
  as 
  

   well 
  as 
  to 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  hyoid 
  arch, 
  or 
  be 
  squamosal 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  stylohyal. 
  The 
  second 
  hsemal 
  bone 
  is 
  slender, 
  but 
  with 
  

   enlarged 
  axial 
  extremity 
  ; 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  right 
  side 
  is 
  not 
  so 
  well 
  preserved 
  as 
  to 
  be 
  safely 
  determined. 
  The 
  third 
  haemal 
  

   elements 
  are 
  the 
  smallest, 
  and 
  originate 
  immediately 
  in 
  front 
  of 
  the 
  occipital 
  condyles 
  and 
  diverge 
  outwards 
  and 
  

   backwards. 
  They 
  are 
  little 
  curved, 
  subcylindric 
  and 
  slightly 
  expanded 
  at 
  the 
  extremities. 
  

  

  . 
  Of 
  the 
  pleural 
  elements 
  the 
  first 
  and 
  second 
  are 
  little 
  curved, 
  the 
  first 
  is 
  marked 
  by 
  a 
  pit 
  or 
  foramen 
  on 
  the 
  

   under 
  side 
  near 
  the 
  distal 
  end, 
  which 
  is 
  clearly 
  visible 
  on 
  both 
  sides 
  of 
  the 
  specimen. 
  The 
  third 
  and 
  fourth 
  pleurals 
  

   are 
  more 
  curved, 
  and 
  the 
  outer 
  ends 
  slightly 
  expanded 
  and 
  directed 
  backwards. 
  

  

  The 
  obverse 
  of 
  the 
  specimen 
  shows 
  that 
  the 
  anterior 
  axial 
  hyal 
  is 
  wedge-shaped. 
  The 
  lateral 
  basihyals 
  are 
  

   massive. 
  The 
  second 
  haemal 
  branchihyal 
  is 
  dilated 
  fan-shaped 
  distally, 
  and 
  supports 
  two 
  pleural 
  elements. 
  

  

  The 
  muzzle 
  projects 
  over 
  the 
  lower 
  jaw, 
  and 
  was 
  rather 
  broadly 
  truncate. 
  The 
  premaxillary 
  teeth 
  are 
  cylin- 
  

   dric 
  and 
  six 
  in 
  number 
  on 
  each 
  side. 
  The 
  maxillary 
  bones 
  represented 
  by 
  a 
  lamina 
  at 
  each 
  lateral 
  extremity 
  of 
  the 
  

   premaxillary. 
  The 
  mandibluar 
  rami 
  are 
  very 
  stout, 
  as 
  are 
  also 
  the 
  ceratohyals. 
  The 
  vertebrae 
  have 
  possessed 
  some 
  

   apophyses, 
  apparently 
  keel-like 
  diapophyses. 
  The 
  ribs 
  are 
  slightly 
  curved. 
  

  

  Length 
  of 
  head 
  and 
  eight 
  vertebras, 
  M. 
  .0335 
  ; 
  of 
  head 
  .0152 
  ; 
  expanse 
  of 
  mandibular 
  rami 
  .013 
  ; 
  length 
  of 
  left 
  

   ceratohyal 
  .0085. 
  

  

  Published, 
  April 
  14, 
  1874. 
  

  

  