244 REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONERS OF 



other of the Cyprinidce used for bass bait. Scientifically they are described : " Body 

 moderately elongate, strongly compressed. Head short * * the profile somewhat con- 

 cave. Mouth small, oblique, the upper lip on line with upper part of pupil, the 

 maxillary not reaching front of eye. Color clear, greenish above ; sides silvery, with 

 bright golden reflections ; fins yellowish, the tips of the lower fins sometimes slightly 

 orange in spring males." The fish is a spring spawner, like all the carps, and is found 

 in weedy streams and ponds. 



Wl)ite §ass. 



This fish, also called white lake bass, is an excellent pan fish as the flesh is very 

 like that of the black bass and similarly well flavored. It is a deep or still-water fish, 

 rarely ascending small streams. It is a game fish for one of its size, growing to a 

 maximum of fifteen inches. It is found in the lakes of Western and Central New 

 York and has been introduced into the waters of some of the Eastern States as an 

 addition to the supply of food fishes. This fish is sometimes confounded with the 

 yellow bass of the same genus but of a different species, and may be distinguished by 

 the. fact that the two dorsal fins are entirely separated, the two dorsals of the yellow 

 bass being connected with a low membrane. 



" Body rather deep and compressed, the depth more than one third the length ; 

 back considerably arched ; mouth moderate, nearly horizontal, the lower jaw little 

 projecting; eye large, nearly as long as snout; maxillary reaching middle of pupil 

 * * head scaled to between nostril ; * * color silvery, tinged with golden below ; 

 sides with narrow dusky lines, about five above lateral line, one along it, and a variable 

 number below it, then sometimes more or less interrupted or transposed. Not found 

 in salt water; generally abundant in Great Lakes." 



Fall Fisl) or Silver Cl)ttt>. 



This is the largest of the Cyprinidce or carps, of which we have about 1,000 

 species in the old world and the new, and is known also as wind fish, cousin-trout and 

 corporal. When Dr. Theodatus Garlick, the father of fish culture in America, made 

 known the fact that he had hatched trout artificially in 1854, a claimant appeared to 

 wrest from him the honor of being the first in this country to hatch fish by artificial 

 means. This was Rev. John Bachman, who claimed to have hatched fish in 1804. 

 Curiously enough Mr. Bachman claimed, in a paper read before the State Agricultural 

 Society of South Carolina, in 1855, a year after Garlick hatched the eggs of trout in 

 Ohio, that his first experiment in 1804 was in hatching the eggs of the corporal, and 



