APPEARANCE OF THE CERATOPSIA. 191 



[In mounting this skeleton an attempt was made to embody all of the discoveries and changes resulting from Mr. Hatcher's 

 thorough study of the Ceratopsia, which he freely communicated in advance of publication. It must be understood, however, 

 that there are still many undetermined points in the anatomy of this group, and the present writer, who mounted the skeleton 

 with the able assistance of Mr. Norman Boss], alone must be held responsible for any anatomical inaccuracies that may be 

 detected in the reconstruction. 



One of the most notable features in this skeleton is the great breadth of the pelvis and hind 

 quarters. This impresses one most when the skeleton is viewed from the rear, and is a strong 

 point of contrast between the Ceratopsia and other Dinosauria. (See fig. 124.) This is in the 

 main due to the position of the expanded blades of the ilia, which are horizontal rather than 

 vertical, as in other dinosaurs. The body is so broad that the creature is much better propor- 

 tioned than one would be led to expect from viewing the skull alone. 



Measurements of the mounted skeleton. 



Meters. 



Length , following the curve of the vertebral centra (about) . . 7. 25 



Skull: 



Length, entire 1. 88 



Length from condyle to tip of restored rostral 1.10 



Length from posterior margin of frill to nasal horn _ 1. 46 



Breadth of frill 1. 31 



Breadth of orbits 42 



Distance between tips of supraorbital horns 83 



Length of right supraorbital horn core from upper edge of the orbit. .70 



Girth of horn core just above the orbit .66 



Vertebral column: 



Length of four coalesced cervical vertebrae 415 



Length of entire cervical series .88 



Length of dorso-lumbar series 1. 725 



Length of sacrum 1. 10 



Length of restored caudal series 2. 41 



Breadth of thorax 1.15 



Depth of thorax (to lower end of ribs only) 1 . 525 



Length of longest rib (measured along the curve) from tubercle to end 1 . 45 



Length of capitulum to tuberculum _ .24 



Breadth of sacrum . . 64 



Breadth of entire pelvis 1. 24 



Right fore limb: 



Length of scapula and coracoid ... ... ... 1 . 35 



Length of coracoid only .38 



Breadth of coracoid 39 



Breadth of blade of scapula at upper end . . 26 



Greatest breadth of scapula .36 



Length of humerus 71 



Breadth of proximal end 40 



Breadth of distal end .36 



Girth of shaft 43 



Length of ulna .65 



Breadth of proximal end 38 



Breadth of distal end 19 



Girth of shaft 36 



Length of radius 41 



Breadth of proximal end — — .18 



Breadth of distal end . - - 14 



Girth of shaft 205 



(Note. — As the manus is entirely restored no measurements were taken.) 



Right hind limb and pelvis: 



Length of ilium 1 . 50 



Greatest depth (to ischiac peduncle) 32 



Breadth of blade - -32 



Length of pubis 85 



Breadth at anterior end 28 



