104 NETTA RUFINA 



Belgium 



rarer bird. Six were seen near Namur in August, 1902 (Dubois, 1912). Its status in northern France 

 Holland ' s aD0U ' the same. Specimens have been taken or seen near Beaumont and Arras (van 



Kempen, 1910), in the departments Loire-Inferieure, Marne et Loire and in the Yen- 

 dee (Bureau, 1910), in Normandy (Termer and Masse, 1907), Cote d'Or (Paris, 1910), 

 France Picardy (d'Aubusson, 1911) and Lorraine (Holandre, 1851). Poncins (1910) has shown 



that the species bred regularly between 1897 and 1909 near Lailly, Loiret, while in Provence it seems 

 to be increasing in numbers as a breeding bird, and at the same time to be extending its range. 

 Older writers, like Jaubert and Lapommeraye (fide Dresser, 1871-81) or J. W. von Miiller (1856) con- 

 sidered it very rare and of irregular occurrence in winter. Clarke (1895), I believe, first discovered it 

 nesting in the Camargue, where great flocks are now seen in April and May (Aptel, 1915) and the 

 breeding range is steadily being extended northward (l'Hermitte, 1910). 



There are no records of the Red-crested Pochard occurring in Portugal, but in Spain it is not a very 

 rare bird, at least in certain parts of the east. Specimens have been taken in Gerona, Madrid, Murcia 

 „ . and Seville (Reyes y Prosper, 1886; Arevalo y Baca, 1887) while in the Albufera of 



Valencia it is a common bird in winter (Lilford, fide Dresser, 1871-81; H. Saunders, 

 1871). Recently A. Chapman and Buck (1910) have reported its breeding in La Mancha, central 

 Spain, and it has long been known as a sedentary bird on Majorca in the Balearics (A. von Homeyer, 

 T . 1862; Barcelo.yWe Reyes y Prosper, 1886). In Sardinia, also, it is a breeding as well as a 



wintering bird (Salvadori, 1865; Brooke, 1873), but in Corsica it is only a very occasional 

 winter visitor (Picchi, 1904; Jourdain, 1912). There are only about four reliable records of its occur- 

 rence on Malta (Despott, 1917), while in eastern Sicily it is an abundant nesting species (Saunders, 

 Doderlein.yuie Dresser, 1871-81; Giglioli, 1889-91). Hartert (1920a) thinks some may possibly nest 

 in Apulia, where, according to Giglioli's (1889-91) informants, it is a regular winter guest. Through- 

 out the rest of Italy it is known only as an occasional winter visitor, there being records for the 

 Marches, Tuscany, Liguria, Emilia, Lombardy and especially Venetia (Giglioli, 1889-91; Picchi, 

 Switzer- 1904). In Switzerland specimens occasionally appear on the lakes of the northern low- 



l an( l lands, and there are rather unreliable records of its having bred in Bas-Valais and near 



Lake Neuchatel (Fatio, 1904; Poncy, 1908). 



In the Tyrol this Pochard has been reported as a rare winter guest (Althammer, 1857) and there are 

 scattered records of its occurrence at Salzburg and Neusiedlersee, Austria (von Mojsisovics, 1886) 

 Succession as well as at Prague, Briinn and Neuhaus in Czecho-Slovakia (Dresser, 1871-81; von 

 States Mojsisovics, 1886). According to Fritsch (1872) it has nested near Bbhmisch-Leipa, 



and there is a record of its having bred near Fehermocsar, southern Hungary, in 1847 (Hartert, 

 1920a). Nothing is known of its status in Jugo-Slavia beyond Kolombatovic's (1903) remark that it 

 t, .. is a rare winter bird in Dalmatia excepting along the Narenta. In Montenegro it is 



occasionally seen about Lake Scutari in winter (Reiser and von Fiihrer, 1896), while in 

 Bulgaria it is a rare winter visitor (Reiser, 1894) . It is said to breed in the Dobrudja (Elwes and Buck- 

 ley, 1870) and it has been recorded from Rumania by both Lintia (1909) and Lodge (1909). Danford 

 and Harvie-Brown (1875) considered it rare in Transylvania in May. G. C. Taylor (1872) met with 

 Southern it in the Crimea in May. The breeding range in southern Russia probably covers the 

 Russia governments of Tauria, Cherson, Ekaterinoslav and Charkow, extending north and 



east along the Volga to about 52° or 53° (Czernay, 1852; Seebohm, 1883; Moeschler, 1853; Becker, 

 1853; Hartert, 1920a). 



Sladen (1918) has recorded the species as evidently breeding in some numbers on Lake Ardzan, 

 p Macedonia, and Harrison (1918) speaks of it as common in winter about Saloniki. 



Powys (1860) found it an abundant winter visitor near Butrinto, but in Greece proper 

 it is only a very rare winter bird (von der Miihle, 1844; Lindermayer, 1860). 



Passing now to northern Africa I think we may safely ignore de Rochebrune's (1883-85) state- 

 ment that it occurs in Senegambia and perhaps also Carstensen's (1852) assertion that the species 



