234 NYROCA FULIGULA 



The British Museum has a specimen taken at Aden, and the United States National Museum has two 



, females shot on January 6, 1910, at Butiaba on Lake Albert Nyanza, Uganda. Re- 



v cently V. G. L. van Someren (1922) has reported another specimen taken on November 



21, 1913, on the Yala River swamps, northeast end of Victoria Nyanza, British East 



Africa. Dr. Van Someren told me of one shot on Lake Naivasha, Kenya, February 8, 1924. On April 



6 of the same year I saw an adult male on Lake Chahafi in extreme southwest Uganda. I chased 



this bird for a long time in a dug-out canoe, finally got a long shot, crippled and lost him. Hartcrt 



_ . ., (1920a) states that the Tring Museum has a specimen from as far south as the 



Seychelles ' , , 



Seychelles. 



Turning to Asia we find that the Tufted Duck winters in Palestine in small numbers (Tristram, 

 . . 1884; Meinertzhagen, 1920) and more abundantly in Cyprus (Bncknill, 1910) and in 



Asia Minor (Antinori, 1858; Flora Russell, 1912; Weigold, 1913). The British Museum 

 Palestine jj as a S p ec j men f r0 m Mesopotamia, where Meinertzhagen (1914) reports having seen a 

 ,f. la few. It is the commonest duck in winter in the Caucasus (Radde, 1884) and in Persia 



Persia * s f° un d during the cold months abundantly on the southern Caspian (Radde, 1886) as 



Afghan- we ^ as aD0U t Seistan (Zarudny, 1911). In southern Afghanistan it is common (C. 



istan Swinhoe, 1882). Some even winter as far north as western Turkestan (Lansdell, 1885; 



Turkestan Severtzoff, 1883). In Baluchistan Meinertzhagen (1920) found it a regular cold-weather 

 Balu- visitor about Quetta. In India it is a common species, occurring in Kashmir and every- 



where south of the Himalayas as far as Coimbatore (11° north latitude) and eastward 

 throughout the valley of the Brahmaputra, as far as Lakhimpur, where it is the com- 

 monest of the diving ducks. It has also been recorded from Bhamo, and Mandalay and 

 Arakan. In the South Shan States it is not common (Hume and Marshall, 1879; Baker, 1921; Rip- 

 pon, 1901; Blanford, 1898; etc.). 



In China it is a common species, especially in the south. H. R. Davies (1909) found it so in Yun- 

 p. . nan, and Thayer and Bangs (1912) as well as La Touche (1922) have recorded it from 



the provinces of Szechwan and Hupeh, in the interior. Berezowski and Bianchi (1891) 

 report its occurrence in Kan-su in February. On the coast this duck has been found common at 

 Amoy and Hong-kong (R. Swinhoe, 1860), at Foochow (La Touche, 1892) and at Ningpo (R. Swinhoe, 

 1873), but on the lower Yangtse it is found only sparingly (Styan, 1891; Wade, 1895). Some winter 

 as far north as Korea (Taczanowski, 1888a; C. W. Campbell, 1892), while in Japan it is found gen- 

 T erally distributed (Blakiston and Pryer, 1878; Seebohm, 1890; Kuroda, in litt.). Speci- 



mens have been taken on the Loo-choo Islands (Owston, 1899; Ogawa, 1905) and in 

 Formosa (R. Swinhoe, 1863). R. C. McGregor (1909) considers it a regular winter visitor to Luzon 

 East and other of the northern islands in the Philippine group, and there are records of its 



Indies occurrence on the Pelew Islands (Hartlaub and Finsch, 1868), Borneo (Everett, 1890; 



Moulton, 1914), Celebes (Meyer and Wiglesworth, 1898), Guam (Seale, 1901) and the Mariannes 

 (Lesson, Traite d'Ornith., p. 632, 1831). 



Migration 

 I know of nothing particularly noteworthy about the migration of this species. In this, as with its 

 distribution, it much resembles the Scaup, though it is confined to fresh waters, is less hardy and more 

 likely to seek southern regions in winter. In general these ducks leave their far-southern wintering 

 grounds in February or March, passing over central Europe or Asia during the latter month and 

 reaching the breeding grounds in April or May. The breeding grounds are usually deserted by Octo- 

 ber, the typical migration month in autumn. November usually finds them settled for the winter. 

 The return of six birds out of a total of 65 banded in the British Isles indicates a local sedentary 

 stock. But it is worth while to notice that one (No. B. B. 67,535) marked as a young bird in North- 

 umberland was recovered during its third summer in northern Finland, suggesting a journey to new 



