LESSER SCAUP DUCK 275 



Greater Scaup. The present species is said to have been once taken, in September, at Adies Pond, 

 Newfoundland (Porter, 1900) and a few times in Greenland at Egedesminde, in June, Newfound- 

 and at Julianehaab (Winge, fide Schalow, 1905). It is, of course, impossible to say * an " 

 now whether these were really Lesser Scaup or not. Greenland 



Most breeding records for the United States are sporadic. Three different observers have reported 

 females and young seen in the vicinity of San Francisco (Squires, 1915; Maillard, 1915; Schussler, 

 1916) and Wetmore (1921) found one solitary pair actually breeding on the Bear River United 

 marshes, Utah. A few have been reported nesting in the Barr Lake chain, Colorado States 

 (L. J. Hersey and Rockwell, 1909; Felger, 1909), but Mr. Rockwell writes me that his Lesser Scaup 

 may have been merely summering birds and not breeders. The U.S. Biological Survey lists two lo- 

 calities in Wyoming: Lake Eleanor in the northwest and Gillette in the east, where it has been proved 

 to breed. In northern Montana it is somewhat more common as a breeder, at least east of the Conti- 

 nental Divide (A. A. Saunders, 1921), and there are several localities in northeastern North Dakota 

 where it nests quite regularly (Job, 1899; BeDt, 1901-02). It is known to breed in a few localities in 

 Minnesota (U.S. Biological Survey; Roberts, 1919), and has done so at Spirit Lake and Clear Lake, 

 northern Iowa (Cooke, 1906; R. M. Anderson, 1907) as well as at Delavan and Lake Koshkonong, 

 southern Wisconsin (Kumlien and Hollister, 1903; Cooke, 1906). The easternmost records are for 

 St. Clair Flats, Michigan (Saunders, in J. and J. M. Macoun, 1909), Kewanna and English Lake in 

 northern Indiana (A. W. Butler, 1898; Cooke, 1906) and northwestern Ohio (W. L. Dawson, 1903; 

 L. Jones, 1903; Henninger, 1910). Crippled birds very probably nest in regions far beyond the regu- 

 lar range. Thus, on July 13, 1910, a pair accompanied by seven young are reported to have been seen 

 on Currituck Sound (White, Field and Stream, August 6, 1910) and a female with nest and eight eggs 

 was taken in 1896 at Lake Jackson, Leon County, Florida (R. W. Williams, 1907). There are late 

 spring records of non-breeding birds even as far south as the Gulf coast of Texas (A. R. Cahn, 1922) 

 and more or less unsatisfactory reports of breeding come from Louisiana. They are almost common 

 on the Gulf coast of Florida up to July (Pennock, MS.). 



Winter Range 



The winter quarters of the Lesser Scaup are, on the whole, more southern than those of the Greater. 

 On the Pacific coast some are found in the cold season as far north as Admiralty Island, Alaska 

 (Bailey, MS.), Okanagan, British Columbia (A. Brooks, fide Kermode, 1904), while in Pacific 

 Washington it is fairly common about Tacoma (W. L. Dawson and Bowles, 1909), Coast 

 Puget Sound (Rathbun, 1915) and in Okanogan County (W. L. Dawson, 1897). Woodcock (1902) 

 says it is not uncommon in Oregon, where, at Netarts Bay, Jewett (1914) found it abundant. In 

 California it is found throughout the State (Grinnell, Bryant and Storer, 1918). It is much more of 

 an inland species in the winter than its relative, and has been known to winter on _ , . 

 Pyramid Lake, Nevada (Hoffman, 1881), as well as on the San Pedro River, Arizona 

 (Scott, 1886). A few also pass the winter in Colorado (Felger, 1909). In western Texas, W. Lloyd 

 (1887) found it fairly abundant, and Lacey (1911) describes it as not uncommon _, 

 about Kerrville. On the Texan coast it is, in places, very abundant, from Fort Brown 

 (J. C. Merrill, 1878) northward, especially at Corpus Christi (Sennett, 1879; Beckham, 1888) and 

 in Refugio County (Carroll, 1900). 



On the Louisiana and Mississippi coast and in the Delta it is also abundant (Mcllhenney, 1897; 

 Beyer, Allison and Kopman, 1907; and others), whence the winter range extends north in the Missis- 

 sippi Valley. Moderate numbers winter in Arkansas (Howell, 1911) and rarely it is Mississippi 

 found even in Rlinois (Cooke, 1906) and Iowa (R. M. Anderson, 1907). In the winter Valley 

 of 1908-09 considerable numbers passed the cold months as far north as Wayne County, Michigan 

 (Wood, 1910). 



On the Atlantic coast its main wintering area only begins where that of the Greater Scaup ends. 



