TREES AND SHRUBS. 



ULMUS JAPONICA, Sabg. 



Ulmus Japonica, n. sp. 



Ulmtts campestris, var. Japonica, Render, Bailey Cycl. Am. J fort. iv. 1882 (1902). 



Ulmus campestris, var. lawis, Fr. Schmidt, Mdn. Avail Sci. St. Ptterabourg, ser. 7, xii. 174, 



(Fl. Sachalin.) at least in part (not Walpers) (1868). 



Leaves oblong-obovate, abruptly long-pointed at the apex, cuneate on one side and rounded on 

 the other side of the gradually narrowed very unsymmetrical base, coarsely often doubly serrate, 

 with straight or incurved teeth, thick to subcoriaceous, dark green, scabrate or nearly smooth, and 

 slightly pubescent on the midribs and veins above, covered below with short pubescence most 

 abundant on the stout midribs and numerous slender primary veins, from 8 to 12 centimetres lon^ 

 and from 3.5 to 7 centimetres wide ; petioles stout, densely pubescent, from 7 to 10 millimetres in 

 length. Flowers nearly sessile, light red ; calyx-lobes only slightly ciliate ; stamens four ; anthers 

 suborbicular. Fruit narrowly oblong-obovate, cuneate at the slender base, glabrous on the 

 margins. 



A tree, from 20 to 2G metres high, with a trunk often from 1 to 1.3 metres in diameter, a wide 

 head of gracefully pendent branches, and slender slightly zigzag branchlets, pale yellow-green 

 during their first season, becoming deeper colored, slightly tinged with red, and pubescent or 

 glabrous in their second season, later sometimes developing narrow corky wings. Winter-lmds 

 obtusely conical, from 4 to 5 millimetres long, covered with dark red pubescent scales. 



Japan: Hokkaido, near Hakodate at the foot of Mt. Koma-ga-take, Mit.nmt»nvz. 18(il (in Herb. 

 Gray) ; near Hakodate, Albrecht, 1861-63 (in Herb. Gray, fruit) ; Sapporo, K. Miyabe, May 

 1884 (flowers and young fruit), C. S. Sargent, September 18, 1892, J. G. Jar/:, August 19, 1905; 

 Shiravi, J. G. Jack, August 24, 1905 ; Hondo, Chuzengi, J. G. Jack, August 13 and October 

 26, 1905 ; Saghalin, Fr. Schmidt (in Herb. Gray). 



Ulmus Japonica in habit, foliage, and in its pubescence, resembles the eastern American Ulmus Americana, Linnjeus. 

 In its flowers and fruits and in its tendency to develop corky wings on the branches it is more like the European Ulmus 

 campestris, Linnaeus, although in the European species the anthers are oblong and the fruits are broadly cuneate or 

 sometimes suborbicular. In the peculiar light yellow color of the branchlets in their first season it differs from both 

 the American and the European species. Rare and found only at high elevations in Hondo, Ulmus Japonica is often 

 a prominent feature of the vegetation in Hokkaido, where it is one of the common trees, growing on the river plains 

 nearly at the sea-level and in the forests which cover the hills of the interior. 1 



Ulmus Japonica was raised at the Arnold Arboretum in 1905 from seed sent from Sapporo by Professor Miyabe. It 

 has grown rapidly, producing flowers in the spring of 1907, and is perfectly hardy in eastern Massachusetts, where 

 it promises to become an ornamental tree of the first class. 



1 Sargent, Garden and Forest, vi. 323, f. 50; Forest Fl. Jap. 57, pi. 18. 



