TREES AND SHRUBS. 



CRATAEGUS LIVONIANA, Saeg. 



(Crus-galli.) 



Crataegus livoniana, n. sp. 



Glabrous with the exception of the hairs on the upper surface of the young leaves and on the 

 calyx-lobes. Leaves oblong-obovate, acute or rounded at the apex, gradually narrowed to the 

 long slender concave-cuneate entire base, and finely often doubly serrate above, with straight or 

 incurved glandular teeth ; slightly tinged with red and villose, with scattered pale hairs, especially 

 on the midribs, when they unfold, about half grown when the flowers open and then thin, yellow- 

 green, and still slightly hairy above and pale yellow-green below, and at maturity subcoriaceous, 

 dark yellow-green, very lustrous and glabrous on the upper surface, pale bluish green on the 

 lower surface, from 5 to 6 centimetres long and from 3 to 4 centimetres wide, with stout midribs, 

 and slender conspicuous primary veins extending very obliquely toward the apex of the leaf ; petioles 

 stout, wing-margined to below the middle, slightly villose on the upper side while young, soon 

 becoming glabrous, often rose color in the autumn, from 1 to 1.2 centimetres in length ; leaves on 

 vigorous shoots coriaceous, rhombic to obovate or oval, short-pointed at the rounded apex, more 

 coarsely serrate, occasionally slightly lobed above the middle, and often from 6 to 7 centimetres 

 long and from 5 to 5.5 centimetres wide. Flowers from 2 to 2.2 centimetres in diameter, on 

 long slender pedicels, in wide lax mostly ten to eighteen-flowered corymbs, the elongated lower 

 peduncles from the axils of the upper leaves ; calyx-tube broadly obconic, the lobes separated by 

 wide sinuses, gradually narrowed from the base, long, slender, acuminate, conspicuously glandular- 

 serrate, reflexed after anthesis ; stamens twenty ; anthers faintly tinged with pink before anthesis, 

 becoming cream color ; styles from two to four, surrounded at the base by a narrow ring of pale 

 hairs. Fruit on long slender reddish pedicels, in drooping many-fruited clusters, subglobose to 

 short-oblong, full and rounded at the ends, depressed at the insertion of the stalk, dark crimson, 

 lustrous, marked by numerous large pale dots, from 1.2 to 1.4 centimetres in diameter; calyx 

 prominent, with a wide deep cavity tomentose in the bottom, and long spreading coarsely glandu- 

 lar-serrate lobes slightly hairy on the upper side ; flesh thick, dark orange color, sweet, dry, and 

 mealy ; nutlets from two to four, gradually narrowed to the rounded ends, or when two semi- 

 orbicular, ridged on the back, with a high broad deeply grooved ridge, from 7 to 7.5 millimetres 

 long and about 5 millimetres wide. 



A tree, from 6 to 7 metres high, with a trunk 2 to 3 decimetres in diameter, covered with dark 

 gray scaly bark, large erect and spreading branches, and stout slightly zigzag drooping branchlets 

 dark orange-green and marked by pale lenticels when they first appear, becoming light orange- 

 brown and lustrous in their first season and pale gray-brown the following year, and armed with 

 numerous stout nearly straight light chestnut-colored ultimately purplish shining spines from 

 5.5 to 6 centimetres long. Flowers appear late in May. Fruit ripens the middle of October. 



Bank of the outlet of Hemlock Lake near Hemlock Lake Station in Livonia Township, Living- 

 ston County, New York, Henry T. Brown (No. 8 type), May 28 and October 16, 1906, October 

 3, 1907. 



Crataegus livoniana, with its large and lustrous leaves, with flowers unusually large in this group, and great clusters 

 of shining fruits hanging on long stalks, is one of the most beautiful and conspicuous of the arborescent Thorns of the 



